A 22-year-old woman comes to the physician because of abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. The pain is intermittent, colicky and localized to her right lower quadrant. She has anorexia and fears eating due to the pain. She has lost 4 kg (8.8 lb) during this time. She has no history of a serious illness and takes no medications. Her temperature is 37.8°C (100.0°F), blood pressure 125/65 mm Hg, pulse 75/min, and respirations 14/min. An abdominal examination shows mild tenderness of the right lower quadrant on deep palpation without guarding. Colonoscopy shows small aphthous-like ulcers in the right colon and terminal ileum. Biopsy from the terminal ileum shows noncaseating granulomas in all layers of the bowel wall. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy at this time?
ABudesonide
BAzathioprine
CCiprofloxacin
DMetronidazole
ERectal mesalamine
A 69-year-old male presents to the Emergency Department with bilious vomiting that started within the past 24 hours. His medical history is significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a myocardial infarction six months ago. His past surgical history is significant for a laparotomy 20 years ago for a perforated diverticulum. Most recently he had some dental work done and has been on narcotic pain medicine for the past week. He reports constipation and obstipation. He is afebrile with a blood pressure of 146/92 mm Hg and a heart rate of 116/min. His abdominal exam reveals multiple well-healed scars with distension but no tenderness. An abdominal/pelvic CT scan reveals dilated small bowel with a transition point to normal caliber bowel distally. When did the cause of his pathology commence?
AOne week ago
BSix months ago
C20 years ago
DAt birth
E24 hours ago
A 17-year-old girl comes to the physician for a scheduled colonoscopy. She was diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis at the age of 13 years. Last year, her flexible sigmoidoscopy showed 12 adenomatous polyps (< 6 mm) that were removed endoscopically. Her father and her paternal grandmother were diagnosed with colon cancer at the age of 37 and 39 years, respectively. The patient appears nervous but otherwise well. Her vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows no abnormalities. A complete blood count and serum concentrations of electrolytes, urea nitrogen, and creatinine are within the reference range. A colonoscopy shows hundreds of diffuse 4–9 mm adenomatous polyps covering the colon and > 30 rectal adenomas. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
AEndoscopic biopsy of polyps
BProctocolectomy with ileoanal anastomosis
CCT scan of the abdomen with contrast
DFolinic acid (leucovorin) + 5-Fluorouracil + oxaliplatin therapy
ERepeat colonoscopy in 6 months
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters