A scientist is trying to design a drug to modulate cellular metabolism in the treatment of obesity. Specifically, he is interested in understanding how fats are processed in adipocytes in response to different energy states. His target is a protein within these cells that catalyzes catabolism of an energy source. The products of this reaction are subsequently used in gluconeogenesis or β-oxidation. Which of the following is true of the most likely protein that is being studied by this scientist?
AIt is stimulated by epinephrine
BIt is inhibited by glucagon
CIt is inhibited by acetylcholine
DIt is inhibited by cortisol
EIt is stimulated by insulin
Researchers are experimenting with hormone levels in mice in fasting and fed states. To test hormone levels in the fed state, the mice are given an oral glucose load and various hormones are measured in a blood sample. Researchers are most interested in the hormone whose blood levels track evenly with C-peptide levels. The hormone the researchers are most interested in is responsible for which of the following actions in the body?
AProtein catabolism
BFatty acid breakdown
CFatty acid synthesis
DKetogenesis
ELipolysis
An investigator is studying a hereditary defect in the mitochondrial enzyme succinyl-CoA synthetase. In addition to succinate, the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme produces a molecule that is utilized as an energy source for protein translation. This molecule is also required for which of the following conversion reactions?
AOxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate
BPyruvate to acetyl-CoA
CAcetaldehyde to acetate
DGlucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconolactone
EFructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
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