Chapter·AnatomySurface anatomy

Lower limb surface landmarksDownloads

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1

A 19-year-old collegiate football player sustains an injury to his left knee during a game. He was running with the ball when he dodged a defensive player and fell, twisting his left knee. He felt a “pop” as he fell. When he attempts to bear weight on his left knee, it feels unstable, and "gives way." He needs assistance to walk off the field. The pain is localized diffusely over the knee and is non-radiating. His past medical history is notable for asthma. He uses an albuterol inhaler as needed. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. On exam, he has a notable suprapatellar effusion. Range of motion is limited in the extremes of flexion. When the proximal tibia is pulled anteriorly while the knee is flexed and the patient is supine, there is 1.5 centimeter of anterior translation. The contralateral knee translates 0.5 centimeters with a similar force. The injured structure in this patient originates on which of the following bony landmarks?

APosteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

BLateral aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

CLateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle

DTibial tubercle

EMedial aspect of the medial femoral condyle

2

A 65-year-old man comes to a follow-up appointment with his surgeon 2 months after undergoing hip replacement surgery. His major concern at this visit is that he is still limping since the surgery even after the post-operative pain has subsided. Specifically, when he stands on his right leg, he feels that he has to lean further to the right in order to maintain balance. When standing on his left leg, he feels that he is able to step normally. Damage to which of the following nerves would most likely present with this patient's symptoms?

ACommon peroneal nerve

BTibial nerve

CFemoral nerve

DInferior gluteal nerve

ESuperior gluteal nerve

3

A 31-year-old woman presents with difficulty walking and climbing stairs for the last 3 weeks. She has no history of trauma. The physical examination reveals a waddling gait with the trunk swaying from side-to-side towards the weight-bearing limb. When she stands on her right leg, the pelvis on the left side falls. When she stands on her left leg, the pelvis remains level. Which of the following nerves is most likely injured in this patient?

ARight inferior gluteal nerve

BRight obturator nerve

CRight superior gluteal nerve

DRight femoral nerve

ELeft femoral nerve

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