A 57-year-old man presents to his family physician for a routine exam. He feels well and reports no new complaints since his visit last year. Last year, he had a colonoscopy which showed no polyps, a low dose chest computerized tomography (CT) scan that showed no masses, and routine labs which showed a fasting glucose of 93 mg/dL. He is relatively sedentary and has a body mass index (BMI) of 24 kg/m^2. He has a history of using methamphetamines, alcohol (4-5 drinks per day since age 30), and tobacco (1 pack per day since age 18), but he joined Alcoholics Anonymous and has been in recovery, not using any of these for the past 7 years. Which of the following is indicated at this time?
AColonoscopy
BChest computerized tomography (CT) scan
CAbdominal ultrasound
DChest radiograph
EFasting glucose
A mother brings her 7-year-old son to the pediatrician because she is worried about his sleep. She reports that the child has repeatedly woken up in the middle of the night screaming and thrashing. Although she tries to reassure the child, he does not respond to her or acknowledge her presence. Soon after she arrives, he stops screaming and appears confused and lethargic before falling back asleep. When asked about these events, the child reports that he cannot recall ever waking up or having any bad dreams. These events typically occur within four hours of the child going to sleep. The child’s past medical history is notable for asthma and type I diabetes mellitus. He uses albuterol and long-acting insulin. There have been no recent changes in this patient’s medication regimen. His family history is notable for obesity and obstructive sleep apnea in his father. Physical examination reveals a healthy male at the 40th and 45th percentiles for height and weight, respectively. Which of the following EEG waveforms is most strongly associated with this patient’s condition?
ADelta waves
BTheta waves
CSleep spindles
DBeta waves
EAlpha waves
A 81-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a 4-month history of shortness of breath. He says that he has slowly lost the ability to do things due to fatigue and now gets winded after walking around the house. He also says that his cough has been getting worse and seems to be producing more sputum. He has gained about 5 pounds over the last 6 months. His past medical history is significant for hypertension and diabetes. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history and drinks about 3 drinks per week. Physical exam reveals a cyanotic appearing man with 1+ edema in his legs bilaterally. He also has wheezing on lung auscultation with a prolonged expiratory phase. Which of the following would most likely be seen on a chest radiograph in this patient?
APerihilar mass with unilateral hilar enlargement
BCardiomegaly and increased bronchial markings
CSubpleural cystic enlargement
DCalcified pleural plaques surrounding the diaphragm
EHyperinflated lungs and loss of lung markings
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters