A 19-year-old Caucasian male collapsed from sudden cardiac arrest while playing in a college basketball game. Attempts at resuscitation were unsuccessful. Post-mortem pathologic and histologic examination found asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial disarray. Assuming this was an inherited condition, the relevant gene most likely affects which of the following structures?
ACardiac cell sarcomere proteins
BMembrane potassium channel proteins
CMembrane sodium channels
DRyanodine receptors
EAutoimmune beta-cell antibodies
A newborn is rushed to the neonatal ICU after becoming cyanotic shortly after birth. An ultrasound is performed which shows the aorta coming off the right ventricle and lying anterior to the pulmonary artery. The newborn is given prostaglandin E1 and surgery is planned to correct the anatomic defect. Which of the following developmental processes failed to occur in the newborn?
AFailure of the membranous ventricular septum to fuse with the muscular interventricular septum
BFailure of the septum primum to fuse with the septum secundum
CFailure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral
DFailure of the ductus venosus to close
EFailure of the ductus arteriosus to close
A 56-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 25 minutes after the sudden onset of severe pain in the middle of his chest. He describes the pain as tearing in quality; it radiates to his jaw. He has hypertension. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the 25 years. Current medications include enalapril. His blood pressure is 154/95 mm Hg in his right arm and 181/105 mm Hg in his left arm. A CT scan of the chest is shown. The structure indicated by the arrow is a derivative of which of the following?
ARight horn of sinus venosus
BPrimitive atrium
CRight common cardinal vein
DTruncus arteriosus
EBulbus cordis
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