A 55-year-old female presents with pain in both hands and wrists for the past several years. It is associated with morning stiffness that lasts for almost an hour. Physical examination reveals tenderness and swelling in both hands and wrists, most severe over the proximal interphalangeal joints. Laboratory investigation reveals the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). Which of the following immune-mediated injuries is responsible for this patient’s condition?
ABoth type II and III hypersensitivities
BType IV hypersensitivity
CType III hypersensitivity
DSelf-tolerance
EIgE-mediated immune responses only
A 30-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination 1 month after sustaining a chemical burn over the dorsum of his right hand and forearm. Physical examination shows hyperextension of the hand at the wrist. The skin over the dorsum of the wrist is tense and there is a thick, epithelialized scar. Range of motion of the right wrist is restricted. This patient's contracture is most likely due to activity of which of the following cells?
AFibroblasts
BMyofibroblasts
CNeutrophils
DMacrophages
EEndothelial cells
A 15-year-old boy presents with shortness of breath on exertion for the past 2 weeks. Although he does not have any other complaints, he is concerned about not gaining much weight despite a good appetite. His height is 188 cm (6 ft 2 in) and weight is 58 kg (124 lb). His blood pressure is 134/56 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 78/min. On cardiac auscultation, his apex beat is displaced laterally with a diastolic murmur lateral to the left sternal border. Slit-lamp examination shows an upward and outward displacement of both lenses. Synthesis of which of the following proteins is most likely defective in this patient?
AFibronectin
BElastin
CFibrillin
DReticular fibers
ELaminin
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