Following pathogenetic mechanisms operate in septic shock except -
ADirect toxic endothelial injury
BVeno constriction
CIncreased peripheral vascular resistance
DActivation of complement
Some cells secrete chemicals into the extracellular fluid that act on cells in the same tissue. Which of the following refers to this type of regulation?
ANeural
BEndocrine
CNeuroendocrine
DParacrine
What is the primary cardiovascular compensatory mechanism in acute hemorrhage?
ADecreased myocardial contractility
BIncreased respiratory rate
CDecreased heart rate
DIncreased heart rate
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