What is the optimal timing for administering antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery?
AImmediately before induction of anesthesia
B30-60 minutes before incision
C2-3 hours before surgery
DImmediately after surgery
A child presented at 10 weeks with recurrent episode of pneumonia and failure to thrive. X-ray shows cardiomegaly & pulmonary plethora. What is the diagnosis?
AVSD
BTOF
CPatent foramen ovale
DASD
A 32-year-old woman is supposed to undergo tooth extraction surgery. Physical examination is unremarkable, and she has a blood pressure of 126/84 mm Hg and regular pulse of 72/min. She takes no medications. Which of the following cardiac conditions would warrant antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infective endocarditis in this patient?
AHypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
BMitral regurgitation
CPast history of infective endocarditis
DVentricular septal defect (VSD)
EImplantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
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