Which of the following surgical incisions is associated with the highest risk of postoperative pulmonary complications ?
AMedian sternotomy
BHorizontal laparotomy
CVertical laparotomy
DLateral thoracotomy
What happens to gas exchange when the Va/Q ratio approaches infinity?
APartial pressure of O2 becomes negligible.
BNo exchange of O2 and CO2 occurs.
CPartial pressure of CO2 becomes negligible.
DPartial pressures of both CO2 and O2 remain normal.
At the end of anaesthesia after discontinuation of nitrous oxide and removal of endotracheal tube, 100% oxygen is administered to the patient to prevent:
ASecond gas effect
BBronchospasm
CHyperoxia
DDiffusion Hypoxia
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