Which of the following surgical incisions is associated with the highest risk of postoperative pulmonary complications ?
AMedian sternotomy
BHorizontal laparotomy
CVertical laparotomy
DLateral thoracotomy
A patient with a non-obstructing carcinoma of the sigmoid colon is being prepared for elective resection. To minimize the risk of postoperative infectious complications, what should be included in your planning?
APostoperative administration for 5 to 7 days of parenteral antibiotics effective against aerobes and anaerobes
BA single preoperative parenteral dose of antibiotic effective against aerobes and anaerobes may provide initial coverage.
CPostoperative administration for 2 to 4 days of parenteral antibiotics effective against aerobes and anaerobes
DAvoidance of oral antibiotics to prevent emergence of Clostridioides difficile
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
APatients with severe liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
BPatients with obesity
CPatients with a history of previous abdominal surgery
DPatients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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