Schizophrenia — MCQs

A 44-year-old man presents to his psychiatrist for a follow-up appointment. He is currently being treated for schizophrenia. He states that he is doing well but has experienced some odd movement of his face recently. The patient's sister is with him and states that he has been more reclusive lately and holding what seems to be conversations despite nobody being in his room with him. She has not noticed improvement in his symptoms despite changes in his medications that the psychiatrist has made at the last 3 appointments. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), blood pressure is 157/88 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, respirations are 14/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical exam is notable for rhythmic movements of the patient's mouth and tongue. Which of the following is a side effect of the next best step in management?

A 39-year-old man presents to a primary care clinic for a routine physical exam. He denies any complaints. He has a long beard and hair, wears several copper bracelets, and a crystal amulet. When asked about his diet, he discloses eating mostly canned foods, which he has stockpiled in his cabin in case there is a natural disaster or "apocalypse" (though he admits that this is highly unlikely). He has a few close friends, but feels awkward when meeting new people. He seems happy overall and has many long-standing interests, including hiking and astrology. He has been steadily employed as a data scientist and a paranormal investigator. He has never been diagnosed with a mental illness, though he has a family history of schizophrenia. Review of systems is negative for depressed mood, anxiety, or hallucinations. Thought process is linear and reality testing is intact. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

A 17-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of increasingly withdrawn behavior for the last two years. His mother reports that in the last 2–3 years of high school, her son has spent most of his time in his room playing video games. He does not have any friends and has never had a girlfriend. He usually refuses to attend family dinner and avoids contact with his siblings. The patient states that he prefers being on his own. When asked how much playing video games means to him, he replies that “it's okay.” When his mother starts crying during the visit, he appears indifferent. Physical and neurologic examinations show no other abnormalities. On mental status examination, his thought process is organized and logical. His affect is flattened. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 63-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider with her spouse for routine follow-up. She has a history of schizophrenia and is currently living at a nursing facility. Her symptoms first started 2 years ago, when she developed auditory hallucinations and her family noticed that her thoughts and speech became more tangential and disorganized. After being referred to a psychiatrist, the patient was started on medication. Currently she reports occasional auditory hallucinations, but her spouse states that her symptoms have improved dramatically with medication. On exam, her temperature is 98.4°F (36.9°C), blood pressure is 110/74 mmHg, pulse is 64/min, and respirations are 12/min. The patient has normal affect with well-formulated, non-pressured speech. She denies any auditory or visual hallucinations. Notably, however, the patient has repetitive lip-smacking behavior and occasionally sweeps her tongue across her lips. The spouse is curious about how this developed. Which of the following is the most likely medication this patient was started on?

A 35-year-old woman is diagnosed with schizophrenia after nine months of experiencing auditory hallucinations and persecutory delusions. Over the next year, she fails to experience symptom relief from separate and appropriately dosed trials of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone. At this point, which of the following treatment options is most likely to be effective?

A 30-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of fever and productive cough for the past 4 days. During this period, he has had shortness of breath and chest pain that is worse on inspiration. He also reports fatigue and nausea. He has refractory schizophrenia and recurrent asthma attacks. He used to attend college but was expelled after threatening to harm one of his professors 2 months ago. His temperature is 38.5°C (101.3°F), pulse is 90/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Crackles and bronchial breath sounds are heard on auscultation of the left lung. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 13.5 g/dL Leukocyte count 1,100/mm3 Segmented neutrophils 5% Eosinophils 0% Lymphocytes 93% Monocytes 2% Platelet count 260,000/mm3 Which of the following medications is this patient most likely taking?

A 29-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her father because of a change in her behavior over the past 8 months. The father says that his daughter has become increasingly withdrawn; she has not answered any phone calls or visited her family and friends. The patient says that she has to stay at home because a foreign intelligence service is monitoring her. She thinks that they are using a magnetic field to read her mind. Mental status exam shows disjointed and perseverative thinking. She is anxious and has a flat affect. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 30-year-old man presents with restlessness and an inability to sit or lie down for the past 2 days. Past medical history is significant for schizophrenia, diagnosed 3 weeks ago and managed medically. Vital signs are a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg and a pulse of 96/min. On physical examination, the patient is fidgety and anxious but well-oriented. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?