Premenstrual dysphoric disorder — MCQs

A previously healthy 13-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because of a change in behavior. The mother reports that over the past 6 months, her daughter has had frequent mood swings. Sometimes, she is irritable for several days and loses her temper easily. In between these episodes, she behaves “normal,” spends time with her friends, and participates in gymnastics training twice a week. The mother has also noticed that her daughter needs more time than usual to get ready for school. Sometimes, she puts on excessive make-up. One month ago, her teacher had informed the parents that their daughter had skipped school and was seen at the local mall with one of her classmates instead. The patient reports that she often feels tired, especially when she has to wake up early for school. On the weekends, she sleeps until 1 pm. Menses have occurred at 15- to 45-day intervals since menarche at the age of 12 years; they are not associated with abdominal discomfort or functional impairment. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the patient's behavior?

A 26-year-old woman thinks poorly of herself and is extremely sensitive to criticism. She is socially inhibited and has never had a romantic relationship, although she desires one. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 24-year-old male comes into the psychiatric clinic complaining of consistent sadness. He endorses feelings of worthlessness, anxiety, and anhedonia for the past couple months but denies feeling suicidal. He further denies any past episodes of feeling overly energetic with racing thoughts. Confident of the diagnosis, you recommend frequent talk therapy along with a long-term prescription of a known first-line medication for this disorder. What is the drug and what are some of the most frequently encountered side effects?

A 26-year-old man being treated for major depressive disorder returns to his psychiatrist complaining that he has grown weary of the sexual side effects. Which other medication used to treat major depressive disorder may be appropriate as a stand-alone or add-on therapy?

A 28-year-old woman presents with weight gain and a milky-white discharge from her breasts. Patient says she noticed herself gaining weight and a milky white discharge from her breasts. Past medical history is significant for schizophrenia, recently diagnosed and treated with risperidone. No history of headache, nausea, and vomiting. No other current medications. Her last menstrual period was 2 months ago. Review of systems is significant for decreased libido. Patient is afebrile and vital signs are within normal limits. On physical examination, patient had a weight gain of 3 kg (6.6 lb) over the past month. There is bilateral breast tenderness present. A urine pregnancy test is negative. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of this patient’s symptoms?

A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician for evaluation of a 6-month history of irregular menstrual periods. Her last period was 3 months ago. Previously, her periods occurred at regular 28-day intervals and lasted 4–5 days with moderate flow. She has also noticed breast tenderness and scant nipple discharge. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus and refractory bipolar I disorder. Current medications include metformin, glipizide, lithium, and risperidone. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. A urine pregnancy test is negative. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the changes in her menstrual cycle?

A 14-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician by her mother. The girl's mother states that she began having her period 6 months ago. The patient states that after her first period she has had a period every 10 to 40 days. Her menses have ranged from very light flow to intense and severe symptoms. Otherwise, the patient is doing well in school, is on the track team, and has a new boyfriend. Her temperature is 98.1°F (36.7°C), blood pressure is 97/58 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, respirations are 14/min, and oxygen saturation is 99% on room air. Physical exam demonstrates an obese girl but is otherwise within normal limits. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 27-year-old woman presents to your office complaining of right arm numbness and weakness. Her past medical history is unremarkable. Her family history, however, is significant for the unexpected death of both her parents at age 59 in a motor vehicle accident last week. On physical exam, her bicep, brachioradialis, and patellar reflexes are 2+ bilaterally. CNS imaging shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

An 11-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents for poor academic performance. The patient’s parents say that his teacher told them that he may have to repeat a grade because of his lack of progress, as he does not pay attention to the lessons, tends to fidget about in his seat, and often blurts out comments when it is someone else’s turn to speak. Furthermore, his after-school karate coach says the patient no longer listens to instructions and has a hard time focusing on the activity at hand. The patient has no significant past medical history and is currently not on any medications. The patient has no known learning disabilities and has been meeting all developmental milestones. The parents are vehemently opposed to using any medication with a potential for addiction. Which of the following medications is the best course of treatment for this patient?

A 36-year-old woman comes to the physician because of an 8-month history of occasional tremor. The tremor is accompanied by sudden restlessness and nausea, which disrupts her daily work as a professional violinist. The symptoms worsen shortly before upcoming concerts but also appear when she goes for a walk in the city. She is concerned that she might have a neurological illness and have to give up her career. The patient experiences difficulty falling asleep because she cannot stop worrying that a burglar might break into her house. Her appetite is good. She drinks one glass of wine before performances "to calm her nerves" and otherwise drinks 2–3 glasses of wine per week. The patient takes daily multivitamins as prescribed. She appears nervous. Her temperature is 36.8°C (98.2°F), pulse is 92/min, and blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg. Mental status examination shows a full range of affect. On examination, a fine tremor on both hands is noted. She exhibits muscle tension. The remainder of the neurological exam shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this patient's symptoms?