Uterine rupture — MCQs

A 37-year-old G4P3 presents to her physician at 20 weeks gestation for routine prenatal care. Currently, she has no complaints; however, in the first trimester she was hospitalized due to acute pyelonephritis and was treated with cefuroxime. All her past pregnancies required cesarean deliveries for medical indications. Her history is also significant for amenorrhea after weight loss at 19 years of age and a cervical polypectomy at 30 years of age. Today, her vital signs are within normal limits and a physical examination is unremarkable. A transabdominal ultrasound shows a normally developing male fetus without morphologic abnormalities, anterior placement of the placenta in the lower uterine segment, loss of the retroplacental hypoechoic zone, and visible lacunae within the myometrium. Which of the following factors present in this patient is a risk factor for the condition she has developed?

A 27-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, at 41 weeks' gestation is admitted to the hospital in active labor. Her pregnancy has been uncomplicated. Both of her prior children were delivered by vaginal birth. She has a history of asthma. Current medications include iron and vitamin supplements. After a prolonged labor, she undergoes vaginal delivery. Shortly afterwards, she begins to have heavy vaginal bleeding with clots. Her temperature is 37.2°C (98.9°F), pulse is 90/min, respirations are 17/min, and blood pressure is 130/72 mm Hg. Examination shows a soft, enlarged, and boggy uterus on palpation. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 10.8 g/dL Hematocrit 32.3% Leukocyte Count 9,000/mm3 Platelet Count 140,000/mm3 Prothrombin time 14 seconds Partial thromboplastin time 38 seconds Her bleeding continues despite bimanual uterine massage and administration of oxytocin. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

Immediately following prolonged delivery of the placenta at 40 weeks gestation, a 32-year-old multiparous woman develops vaginal bleeding. Other than mild asthma, the patient’s pregnancy has been uncomplicated. She has attended many prenatal appointments and followed the physician's advice about screening for diseases, laboratory testing, diet, and exercise. Previous pregnancies were uncomplicated. She has no history of a serious illness. She is currently on intravenous infusion of oxytocin. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99.0°F), blood pressure is 108/60 mm Hg, pulse is 88/min, and respirations are 17/min. Uterine palpation reveals a soft enlarged fundus that extends above the umbilicus. Based on the assessment of the birth canal and placenta, which of the following options is the most appropriate initial step in patient management?

A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 38 weeks' gestation comes to the emergency department because of vaginal bleeding for the past hour. The patient reports that she felt contractions prior to the onset of the bleeding, but the contractions stopped after the bleeding started. She also has severe abdominal pain. Her first child was delivered by lower segment transverse cesarean section because of a nonreassuring fetal heart rate. Her pulse is 110/min, respirations are 17/min, and blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg. Examination shows diffuse abdominal tenderness with no rebound or guarding; no contractions are felt. The fetal heart rate shows recurrent variable decelerations. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 29-year-old G2P1 at 35 weeks gestation presents to the obstetric emergency room with vaginal bleeding and severe lower back pain. She reports the acute onset of these symptoms 1 hour ago while she was outside playing with her 4-year-old son. Her prior birthing history is notable for an emergency cesarean section during her first pregnancy. She received appropriate prenatal care during both pregnancies. She has a history of myomectomy for uterine fibroids. Her past medical history is notable for diabetes mellitus. She takes metformin. Her temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 104/68 mmHg, pulse is 120/min, and respirations are 20/min. On physical examination, the patient is in moderate distress. Large blood clots are removed from the vaginal vault. Contractions are occurring every 2 minutes. Delayed decelerations are noted on fetal heart monitoring. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?

A 28-year-old woman at 30 weeks gestation is rushed to the emergency room with the sudden onset of vaginal bleeding accompanied by intense abdominopelvic pain and uterine contractions. The intensity and frequency of pain have increased in the past 2 hours. This is her 1st pregnancy and she was diagnosed with gestational diabetes several weeks ago. Her vital signs include a blood pressure of 124/68 mm Hg, a pulse of 77/min, a respiratory rate of 22/min, and a temperature of 37.0°C (98.6°F). The abdominal examination is positive for a firm and tender uterus. An immediate cardiotocographic evaluation reveals a fetal heart rate of 150/min with prolonged and repetitive decelerations and high-frequency and low-amplitude uterine contractions. Your attending physician warns you about delaying the vaginal physical examination until a quick sonographic evaluation is completed. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?

A 32-year-old G2P1 female at 30 weeks gestation presents to the emergency department with complaints of vaginal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. She states that she began feeling poorly yesterday with a stomach-ache, nausea, and vomiting. She first noted a small amount of spotting this morning that progressed to much larger amounts of vaginal bleeding with worsened abdominal pain a few hours later, prompting her to come to the emergency department. Her previous pregnancy was without complications, and the fetus was delivered at 40 weeks by Cesarean section. Fetal heart monitoring shows fetal distress with late decelerations. Which of the following is a risk factor for this patient's presenting condition?

A 46-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining that she “wets herself.” She states that over the past year she has noticed increased urinary leakage. At first it occurred only during her job, which involves restocking shelves with heavy appliances. Now she reports that she has to wear pads daily because leakage of urine will occur with simply coughing or sneezing. She denies fever, chills, dysuria, hematuria, or flank pain. She has no significant medical or surgical history, and takes no medications. Her last menstrual period was 8 months ago. She has 3 healthy daughters that were born by vaginal delivery. Which of the following tests, if performed, would most likely identify the patient’s diagnosis?

A 62-year-old woman makes an appointment with her primary care physician because she recently started experiencing post-menopausal bleeding. She states that she suffered from anorexia as a young adult and has been thin throughout her life. She says that this nutritional deficit is likely what caused her to not experience menarche until age 15. She used oral contraceptive pills for many years, has never been pregnant, and experienced menopause at age 50. A biopsy of tissue inside the uterus reveals foci of both benign and malignant glandular cells. Which of the following was a risk factor for the development of the most likely cause of her symptoms?

A 25-year-old G2P1001 at 32 weeks gestation presents to the hospital with painless vaginal bleeding. The patient states that she was taking care of laundry at home when she experienced a sudden sensation of her water breaking and saw that her groin was covered in blood. Her prenatal history is unremarkable according to the clinic records, but she has not seen an obstetrician for the past 14 weeks. Her previous delivery was by urgent cesarean section for placenta previa. Her temperature is 95°F (35°C), blood pressure is 125/75 mmHg, pulse is 79/min, respirations are 18/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Cervical exam shows gross blood in the vaginal os. The fetal head is not palpable. Fetal heart rate monitoring demonstrates decelerations and bradycardia. Labs are pending. IV fluids are started. What is the best next step in management?