Personality Disorders — MCQs

Personality Disorders Indian Medical PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 141: Which personality type is believed to be more prone to coronary heart disease?

A. Type B
B. Type A (Correct Answer)
C. All are equally prone
D. Type C

Explanation: ***Type A*** - Individuals with a **Type A personality** are characterized by traits such as **competitiveness**, **time urgency**, **hostility**, and **aggression**. - These traits are associated with increased physiological stress responses, including elevated **blood pressure** and **heart rate**, contributing to a higher risk of developing **coronary heart disease**. *Type B* - **Type B personalities** are generally described as being more **relaxed**, **patient**, and **less driven** by external pressures. - This personality type is considered to have a **lower risk** of stress-related conditions, including heart disease, compared to Type A. *All are equally prone* - This statement is incorrect as research, particularly studies on **Type A and B personalities**, has shown differential risks for certain health conditions. - Specific personality traits and behaviors have been linked to varying levels of susceptibility to diseases like **coronary heart disease**. *Type C* - **Type C personalities** are often characterized by being **detail-oriented**, **introverted**, and tending to **suppress emotions**, particularly anger. - While sometimes linked to conditions like cancer in early theories, Type C is **not primarily associated** with an increased risk of coronary heart disease in the way Type A is.

Question 142: Desire for sexual intercourse with dead bodies is called

A. Frotteurism
B. Undinism
C. Transvestism
D. Necrophilia (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Correct Option: Necrophilia*** - **Necrophilia** is a paraphilia characterized by a sexual attraction to or sexual acts with corpses - The term is derived from Greek words "nekros" (corpse) and "philia" (love) - This is a rare paraphilic disorder listed in psychiatric classifications *Incorrect Option: Frotteurism* - **Frotteurism** involves obtaining sexual pleasure from rubbing against or touching a non-consenting person in a public place - This paraphilia involves living victims, not deceased individuals - Typically occurs in crowded settings like public transportation *Incorrect Option: Undinism* - **Undinism** is an outdated term sometimes used to describe a sexual fetish for urine (urophilia) - This has no relation to sexual attraction to dead bodies - The term refers to water-related sexual interests *Incorrect Option: Transvestism* - **Transvestism** (or transvestic disorder) involves dressing in clothes typically associated with the opposite gender for sexual arousal - While it can have sexual components, it is primarily about cross-dressing behavior - This does not involve sexual interest in corpses

Question 143: Frotteurism is:

A. Sexual satisfaction by contact with articles belonging to the opposite sex like hanky, sandals, clothes
B. Sexual satisfaction by watching the sexual act.
C. Sexual gratification by exposing one's genitalia.
D. Sexual satisfaction by rubbing the genitalia against a nonconsenting person's body (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Sexual satisfaction by rubbing the genitalia with the body of the person of other sex*** - **Frotteurism** is a paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving rubbing against or touching a nonconsenting person, typically in crowded public places. - The behavior usually involves the frotteur's **genitals** pressing or rubbing against another person's body. *Sexual satisfaction by contact with articles of opposite sex like hanky, sandals, clothes* - This behavior is consistent with **fetishism**, where sexual arousal is derived from inanimate objects or specific non-genital body parts. - **Frotteurism** specifically involves direct physical contact with or rubbing against another person. *Sexual satisfaction by watching the sexual act.* - This describes **voyeurism**, a paraphilic disorder where sexual arousal is achieved by observing unsuspecting people who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. - The primary gratification in **frotteurism** comes from physical contact, not observation. *Sexual gratification by exposing one's genitalia.* - This refers to **exhibitionism**, a paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent, intense urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving exposure of one's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger. - Unlike **frotteurism**, the act does not involve rubbing against the other person.

Question 144: A person having irresistible urge to steal objects not needed for personal use or monetary value is suffering from:

A. Kleptomania (Correct Answer)
B. Pyromania
C. Intermittent Explosive Disorder
D. Trichotillomania

Explanation: ***Kleptomania*** - This disorder is characterized by **recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects** that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value. - The individual experiences **increasing tension before the theft** and feels pleasure, gratification, or relief when committing the theft. - The stealing is **not committed to express anger or vengeance** and is not in response to a delusion or hallucination. - This is a classic **impulse control disorder** as described in DSM-5. *Intermittent Explosive Disorder* - This condition involves **recurrent behavioral outbursts** representing a failure to control aggressive impulses. - Manifests as verbal aggression or physical aggression toward property, animals, or individuals. - **Does not involve stealing behavior** - it is focused on explosive anger and aggression. *Pyromania* - Characterized by **deliberate and purposeful fire setting** on more than one occasion. - The individual experiences tension or arousal before the act and fascination with fire. - Does not involve stealing; focused solely on fire-setting behavior. *Trichotillomania* - This is a **hair-pulling disorder** characterized by recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in hair loss. - Represents an impulse control problem but manifests as self-directed repetitive behavior, not stealing.

Question 145: A paraphilic disorder characterized by compulsive use of an inanimate object to obtain sexual gratification is called

A. Frotteurism
B. Fetishism (Correct Answer)
C. Transvestism
D. Voyeurism

Explanation: ***Fetishism*** - **Fetishism** is a paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent, intense sexual arousal from either **inanimate objects** or specific, non-genital body parts. - The object or body part (the **fetish**) is necessary for sexual gratification and can replace or be incorporated into sexual activity. *Frotteurism* - **Frotteurism** involves obtaining sexual gratification by **touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person** in crowded public places. - The arousal comes from the physical contact with the unsuspecting victim, rather than an inanimate object. *Transvestism* - **Transvestism** (or transvestic fetishism) involves sexual arousal from **cross-dressing**, meaning wearing clothing typically associated with the opposite sex. - The gratification comes specifically from wearing the clothes, not from using an inanimate object in a direct sexual act. *Voyeurism* - **Voyeurism** is a paraphilia where sexual arousal is achieved by **observing unsuspecting individuals** who are naked, undressing, or engaging in sexual activity. - The act of watching is central, and it does not typically involve the use of inanimate objects for direct sexual gratification.

Question 146: Telephone scatologia is considered as a form of:

A. Sadism
B. Voyeurism
C. Exhibitionism (Correct Answer)
D. Fetishism

Explanation: ***Exhibitionism (Traditional Classification)*** - **Telephone scatologia** is a paraphilia involving making obscene or sexually explicit phone calls to unsuspecting individuals for sexual arousal. - Traditionally, this has been classified as a **verbal form of exhibitionism** because it involves exposing sexual content to an unwilling recipient for gratification without consent. - **Note:** Modern psychiatric classifications (DSM-5-TR) recognize telephone scatologia as a distinct entity under "Other Specified Paraphilic Disorder" rather than a subtype of exhibitionism, which specifically involves genital exposure. However, the traditional association with exhibitionism remains relevant for medical examinations. *Sadism* - **Sadism** involves deriving sexual arousal from inflicting physical or psychological pain, suffering, or humiliation on another person. - While telephone scatologia may cause distress, the primary motivation is sexual gratification from verbal exposure, not from causing pain or suffering per se. *Voyeurism* - **Voyeurism** is characterized by obtaining sexual arousal from secretly observing unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. - This involves **visual observation**, which is fundamentally different from the **auditory and verbal** nature of telephone scatologia. *Fetishism* - **Fetishism** involves sexual arousal primarily derived from inanimate objects (e.g., shoes, underwear) or specific non-genital body parts. - Telephone scatologia does not involve objects or body parts as the source of arousal, but rather the act of verbal sexual expression to non-consenting recipients.

Question 147: Frotteurism is:

A. Sexual practice involving three people
B. Sexual pleasure in watching people getting undressed
C. Sexual gratification by rubbing against a non-consenting person (Correct Answer)
D. Sexual pleasure obtained by witnessing urination

Explanation: ***Sexual gratification by rubbing against a non-consenting person*** - **Frotteurism** is a paraphilia characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges or behaviors involving touching and rubbing against a non-consenting person, typically in crowded public places. - The individual usually achieves **sexual arousal** and gratification from this physical contact. *Sexual practice involving three people* - This describes a **threesome** or **ménage à trois**, which is a sexual activity involving three individuals, but it does not specifically define frotteurism. - Frotteurism is defined by the non-consensual nature of rubbing against another, not the number of participants. *Sexual pleasure in watching people getting undressed* - This describes **voyeurism**, which is obtaining sexual arousal from observing unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. - Frotteurism involves physical contact, whereas voyeurism is primarily observational. *Sexual pleasure obtained by witnessing urination* - This is a specific type of **urophilia**, a paraphilia involving sexual arousal from urine or urination. - This is distinct from frotteurism, which involves non-consensual physical contact with another person.

Question 148: What term describes the practice of wearing clothes of the opposite sex?

A. Masochism
B. Sadism
C. Transvestism (Correct Answer)
D. Fetishism

Explanation: ***Transvestism*** - **Transvestism** (also known as transvestic fetishism in DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10) is the term that describes the practice of dressing in clothes typically associated with the opposite sex. - This involves **cross-dressing** for personal pleasure, comfort, or sexual arousal, without necessarily implying a desire to permanently change one's sex. - **Note:** Modern classifications (DSM-5-TR/ICD-11) now use "transvestic disorder" only when the behavior causes marked distress or impairment, distinguishing pathological behavior from non-clinical cross-dressing. *Masochism* - **Masochism** refers to deriving sexual gratification from experiencing pain, humiliation, or submission. - This is a distinct paraphilic pattern and does not involve wearing clothes of the opposite sex. *Sadism* - **Sadism** involves deriving sexual gratification from inflicting pain, humiliation, or suffering on others. - This is unrelated to cross-dressing behavior. *Fetishism* - **Fetishism** involves sexual arousal from inanimate objects or non-genital body parts (e.g., shoes, feet, leather items). - While it can involve clothing items, it does not specifically refer to wearing clothes of the opposite sex as a complete ensemble, which defines transvestism.

Question 149: Sexual asphyxia is seen in cases of:

A. Masochism (Correct Answer)
B. Sadism
C. Voyeurism
D. Fetishism

Explanation: ***Masochism*** - **Sexual asphyxia** (also known as autoerotic asphyxiation or hypoxyphilia) is a dangerous practice where an individual intentionally reduces oxygen supply to the brain during sexual activity to enhance sexual arousal through cerebral hypoxia. - This practice is associated with **sexual masochism disorder**, where sexual gratification is derived from experiencing pain, suffering, or potentially life-threatening situations. - The oxygen deprivation creates a sense of euphoria and heightened arousal, but carries significant risk of accidental death. - This is considered a particularly dangerous form of masochistic sexual behavior. *Sadism* - **Sexual sadism disorder** involves deriving sexual pleasure from inflicting pain, suffering, or humiliation on others. - The focus is on causing distress to another person, whereas sexual asphyxia is typically self-inflicted (autoerotic) or involves the practitioner being the one deprived of oxygen. *Voyeurism* - **Voyeuristic disorder** refers to obtaining sexual pleasure from secretly observing unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. - It does not involve any form of physical risk, asphyxia, or oxygen deprivation. *Fetishism* - **Fetishistic disorder** is a paraphilia where sexual arousal and gratification are primarily associated with inanimate objects (e.g., shoes, underwear) or specific non-genital body parts. - This condition does not involve asphyxiation; the focus is on a particular object or body part as the source of sexual pleasure.

Question 150: Voyeurism is also known as:

A. Frotteurism
B. Eonism
C. Onanism
D. Scoptophilia (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Scoptophilia*** - **Scoptophilia** is another term for **voyeurism**, defined as deriving sexual pleasure from secretly watching others. - This paraphilia involves observing unsuspecting individuals, often unclothed or engaging in sexual activity. *Frotteurism* - **Frotteurism** involves obtaining sexual gratification by **rubbing** against or touching a non-consenting person in a public place. - Unlike voyeurism, it requires direct physical contact rather than just observation. *Eonism* - **Eonism** refers to **transvestism**, a condition where individuals derive sexual gratification from wearing clothes of the opposite sex. - It is distinct from voyeurism, which is about observation, not cross-dressing. *Onanism* - **Onanism** is historically and generally used to refer to **masturbation** or coitus interruptus (withdrawal method). - It does not involve observing others like voyeurism, but rather self-stimulation or a specific form of contraception.

Practice by Chapter

Classification of Personality Disorders

Practice Questions

Cluster A Personality Disorders

Practice Questions

Cluster B Personality Disorders

Practice Questions

Cluster C Personality Disorders

Practice Questions

Borderline Personality Disorder

Practice Questions

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Practice Questions

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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Psychotherapy for Personality Disorders

Practice Questions

Dialectical Behavior Therapy

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Mentalization-Based Therapy

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Pharmacological Approaches

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Outcome and Prognosis

Practice Questions

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