Anticancer Drugs — MCQs

Q: Characteristic toxicity of daunorubicin is

Cardiotoxicity. ***Cardiotoxicity*** - **Daunorubicin** is an **anthracycline antibiotic** commonly used in cancer chemotherapy. - Its most characteristic and dose-limiting toxicity is **cardiotoxicity**, which can manifest as dose-dependent reversible **myocardial dysfunction** or irreversible **congestive heart failure**. *Pulmonary toxicity* - While some chemotherapy agents can cause pulmonary toxicity (e.g., bleomycin, busulfan), it is **not a primary or characteristic toxicity of daunorubicin**. - Pulmonary fibrosis or pneumonitis is less commonly associated with anthracyclines compared to their cardiac effects. *Peripheral nerve damage* - **Peripheral neuropathy** is a common adverse effect of other chemotherapy drugs, such as **vincristine** or **cisplatin**. - It is **not a characteristic toxicity** associated with daunorubicin. *Bladder toxicity* - **Bladder toxicity**, particularly **hemorrhagic cystitis**, is characteristic of drugs like **cyclophosphamide** and **ifosfamide**. - This adverse effect is **not typical** of daunorubicin.

Q: Hand and foot syndrome can be caused by:

Capecitabine. ***Capecitabine*** - **Capecitabine** is a **prodrug** of 5-fluorouracil that is well-known for causing **hand-foot syndrome (palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia)**. - This adverse effect is characterized by **erythema**, **swelling**, **pain**, and **desquamation** of the palms and soles. *Cisplatin* - **Cisplatin** is an **alkylating agent** primarily associated with **nephrotoxicity**, **ototoxicity**, and severe **nausea and vomiting**. - It is not a common cause of **hand-foot syndrome**. *Dactinomycin* - **Dactinomycin** (actinomycin D) is an **antibiotic chemotherapy agent** primarily associated with **myelosuppression**, **mucositis**, and **extravasation leading to tissue necrosis**. - While skin reactions can occur, **hand-foot syndrome** is not a characteristic side effect. *Vinblastine* - **Vinblastine** is a **vinca alkaloid** that inhibits microtubule formation, leading to **myelosuppression**, **peripheral neuropathy**, and **constipation**. - **Hand-foot syndrome** is not a typical adverse effect of vinblastine.

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Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy

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Alkylating Agents

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Antimetabolites

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Antitumor Antibiotics

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Plant Alkaloids

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Topoisomerase Inhibitors

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Hormonal Agents

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Targeted Therapy

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Immunotherapy

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Management of Chemotherapy Side Effects

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