Vascular Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Takayasu arteritis most commonly affects which of the following vessels?

Renal artery. **Explanation:** **Takayasu Arteritis (TA)**, also known as "Pulseless Disease," is a chronic granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis that primarily involves the **aorta and its major branches** [1]. 1. **Why Renal Artery is Correct:** While the aortic arch is the most frequent site of involvement, among the specific visceral branches, the **renal artery** is the most commonly affected (involved in approximately 30-75% of cases). This often leads to renovascular hypertension, a classic clinical presentation in young females. In the context of this question, it is the most frequent site among the options provided. 2. **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Coeliac axis:** Although it can be involved as a branch of the abdominal aorta, it is affected significantly less frequently than the renal arteries. * **Coronary arteries:** Involvement of the coronary ostia occurs in about 10-25% of patients due to extension of aortic root inflammation, but it is not the most common site. * **Radial artery:** TA typically affects large elastic arteries. The radial artery is a medium-sized muscular artery and is rarely the primary site of involvement; the "pulseless" nature of the disease is usually due to proximal stenosis in the subclavian or axillary arteries. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Demographics:** Most common in females <40 years of age (Asian descent) [1]. * **Pathology:** Characterized by transmural fibrous thickening of the aortic arch and "tree-barking" of the intima. * **Clinical Sign:** Discrepancy in blood pressure between arms and weak/absent upper limb pulses. * **Diagnosis:** Elevated ESR and angiography (showing "string of pearls" or tapered stenoses). * **Key Association:** Often associated with HLA-B52. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Diseases of Infancy and Childhood, pp. 516-517.

Question 1

Which of the following cells does not participate in atherogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Answer

Platelet

Answer

Monocyte

Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 2

Digital gangrene is most likely seen in which condition?

Accepted Answer

Polyarteritis nodosa

Answer

Takayasu arteritis

Answer

Kawasaki disease

Answer

Wegener's granulomatosis

Question 3

Endothelial cells are characterized by the presence of which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

Weibel-Palade bodies

Answer

Gamna-gandy bodies

Answer

Both Weibel-Palade bodies and Gamna-gandy bodies

Answer

Neither Weibel-Palade bodies nor Gamna-gandy bodies

Question 4

Which is the most accepted theory of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Reaction to endothelial injury

Answer

Lipid infiltration of intima

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Hyperlipidemia

Question 5

Which of the following vascular lesions has the least clinical significance?

Accepted Answer

Monckeberg's medial calcification

Answer

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Answer

Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

Answer

Glomus tumor

Question 6

Syphilitic arterial aneurysms typically involve which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

Endarteritis of the vasa vasorum

Answer

Cystic medial sclerosis

Answer

Fatty streaks

Answer

Circumferential calcification

Question 7

Which of the following is a p-ANCA associated vasculitis?

Accepted Answer

Microscopic polyangitis

Answer

Temporal arteritis

Answer

Takayasu arteritis

Answer

Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 8

Takayasu arteritis most commonly affects which of the following vessels?

Accepted Answer

Renal artery

Answer

Coeliac axis

Answer

Coronary arteries

Answer

Radial artery

Question 9

Kaposi sarcoma is commonly seen in which anatomical location?

Accepted Answer

Lower limbs

Answer

Upper limbs

Answer

Head and Neck

Answer

Trunk

Question 10

Takayasu arteritis involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Medium to large sized arteries with a predilection to branches of the aortic arch

Answer

Small arterioles

Answer

Femoral and popliteal arteries

Answer

Abdominal aorta

Vascular Pathology — MCQs

Vascular Pathology — MCQs

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