Respiratory Pathology — MCQs

Pulmonary hyaline membrane is an important cause of perinatal death in which of the following conditions?

The Reid index is useful in the assessment of which condition?

A 75-year-old female with a long history of cigarette smoking is found to have a small tumor at the periphery of her right upper lobe. Initially, the tumor was believed to be a Stage I carcinoma (T1 NO MO), but after surgery it is found to be Stage II (T1 N1 MO). What finding at surgery changed the staging?

The Reid index is increased in which of the following conditions?

The percentage of pulmonary emboli that proceed to infarction is approximately?

A 51-year-old male smoker presents with fever and a cough productive of greenish-yellow sputum. The patient states that he had a morning cough with excessive mucus production for the past 5 years. Which of the following abnormalities would MOST likely be found in this patient?

A 40-year-old man presents with a chronic cough and fever for several months. Chest radiography shows a diffuse reticulonodular pattern. Microscopic examination of a transbronchial biopsy reveals focal areas of inflammation containing epithelioid cell granulomas, Langhans giant cells, and lymphocytes. These findings are typical for which of the following types of hypersensitivity immunologic responses?

ARDS is due to a defect in which of the following?

A 25-year-old man experiences acute onset of fever, cough, dyspnea, headache, and malaise a day after moving into a new apartment. His symptoms subside over 3 days when he visits a friend in another city. On the day of his return, the symptoms recur. There are no remarkable findings on physical examination. A chest radiograph also is unremarkable. Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms is most likely to produce these findings?

A 78-year-old man has had increasing dyspnea without cough or increased sputum production for the past 4 months. On physical examination, he is afebrile. Breath sounds are reduced in all lung fields. A chest CT scan shows a dense, brightly attenuated pleural mass encasing most of the left lung. Microscopic examination of a pleural biopsy specimen shows spindle and cuboidal cells that invade adipose tissue. Inhalation of which of the following pollutants is the most likely factor in the pathogenesis of this mass?