Respiratory Pathology Practice Questions

Q: A patient gives a history of previous chronic abscess on the deciduous precursor of tooth 11. The following radiograph indicates:

Turner’s hypoplasia. ***Turner's hypoplasia*** - **Localized enamel hypoplasia** of a permanent tooth caused by **infection or trauma** to the overlying deciduous tooth, exactly matching this patient's history of chronic abscess. - Presents as **irregular enamel surface** with **yellowish-brown discoloration** and **pitted areas** on the crown, typically affecting only one tooth. *Enamel hypoplasia* - This is a **generalized condition** affecting multiple teeth due to **systemic factors** during tooth development. - Does not explain the **localized involvement** of tooth 11 following a specific history of deciduous tooth infection. *Amelogenesis imperfecta* - A **genetic disorder** affecting **enamel formation** in all teeth, not just a single tooth. - Would show **bilateral symmetrical involvement** and **family history**, which contradicts the localized presentation here. *Dentinogenesis imperfecta* - A **genetic defect** affecting **dentin formation**, causing **opalescent teeth** with **amber or blue-gray discoloration**. - Affects the **dentin layer**, not enamel, and would involve **multiple teeth** rather than a single localized defect.

Q: Dentigerous cysts originate from which structure?

Epithelium surrounding the crown of unerupted teeth. **Explanation:** A **Dentigerous cyst** (also known as a follicular cyst) is the most common type of developmental odontogenic cyst. It originates from the **reduced enamel epithelium** that surrounds the crown of an **unerupted or impacted tooth** [1]. 1. **Why Option A is Correct:** The cyst develops due to the accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the tooth crown [1]. As the fluid builds up, it creates a pressure-induced expansion. Radiologically, it typically appears as a well-defined, unilocular radiolucency attached to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) of an unerupted tooth, most commonly the **mandibular third molar**. 2. **Why Other Options are Incorrect:** * **Paranasal sinuses:** While a large dentigerous cyst in the maxilla can displace into the maxillary sinus, it does not originate from sinus tissue. * **Tooth pulp:** The pulp is the innermost vascular part of the tooth; cysts arising from inflammatory processes at the root apex are called Radicular cysts, not dentigerous cysts. * **Retention cyst:** These (like Mucoceles) occur due to the blockage of salivary gland ducts, unrelated to tooth development. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Most Common Site:** Mandibular 3rd molars (followed by maxillary canines). * **Histology:** Lined by thin, non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. * **Potential Complications:** If left untreated, they can transform into an **Ameloblastoma** [1] (most common transformation), Squamous cell carcinoma, or Mucoepidermoid carcinoma. * **Treatment:** Complete surgical enucleation. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Head and Neck, pp. 741-742.

Question 1

In ARDS, which cells are primarily damaged?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 pneumocytes

Answer

Type 2 pneumocytes

Answer

Clara cells

Answer

Alveolar macrophages

Question 2

A patient gives a history of previous chronic abscess on the deciduous precursor of tooth 11. The following radiograph indicates:

Accepted Answer

Turner’s hypoplasia

Answer

Enamel hypoplasia

Answer

Amelogenesis imperfecta

Answer

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

Question 3

Dentigerous cysts originate from which structure?

Accepted Answer

Epithelium surrounding the crown of unerupted teeth

Answer

Paranasal sinuses

Answer

Tooth pulp

Answer

Retention cyst

Question 4

Which of the following is a variant of bronchoalveolar carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

Clara cell

Answer

Adenosarcoma

Answer

Mucinous type

Answer

Type II pneumocyte

Question 5

Which of the following substances is NOT secreted by the bronchial mucosa?

Accepted Answer

Bradykinin

Answer

Bombesin

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Serotonin

Question 6

What is the most common lung malformation?

Accepted Answer

Congenital cyst

Answer

Hypoplasia of lung

Answer

Vascular anomalies

Answer

Lobar sequestration

Question 7

A scar in lung tissue may transform into which type of carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Answer

Oat cell carcinoma

Answer

Columnar cell carcinoma

Question 8

A 65-year-old male diagnosed by biopsy with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung presents with very high serum calcium levels. What is the probable cause of hypercalcemia?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Calcitonin

Answer

Calcitonin-related peptide

Question 9

Lung carcinoma is most commonly associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Asbestosis

Answer

Silicosis

Answer

Coal dust

Answer

Beryllium

Question 10

The dangerous particle size causing pneumoconiosis varies from:

Accepted Answer

1-5 um

Answer

100-150 um

Answer

50-100 um

Answer

10-50 um

Respiratory Pathology — MCQs

Respiratory Pathology — MCQs

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