Respiratory Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following statements is true about Non-specific interstitial pneumonia?

Associated with a good prognosis. **Explanation:** **Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)** is a distinct pattern of chronic interstitial lung disease that is crucial to differentiate from Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP/Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis). **Why Option D is Correct:** NSIP is characterized by a much **better prognosis** compared to UIP [1]. Patients typically respond well to oral corticosteroids, and the 5-year survival rate is significantly higher (approx. 80-100% for the cellular variant) than that of UIP (approx. 30-50%) [1]. **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Option A:** Honeycombing is **rare and occurs very late** in NSIP [1]. On HRCT, the hallmark finding is **Ground Glass Opacities (GGO)**, usually in a symmetrical, subpleural distribution with "subpleural sparing." Honeycombing is the classic early/diagnostic feature of UIP. * **Option B:** Unlike many other interstitial diseases, NSIP shows a **female predilection**, particularly in non-smokers [1]. * **Option C:** NSIP typically affects a **younger age group** (40–50 years) compared to UIP, which is predominantly a disease of the elderly (usually >60 years). **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** 1. **Histological Variants:** NSIP is divided into **Cellular** (better prognosis, inflammatory infiltrate) and **Fibrotic** (worse prognosis, dense collagen) patterns [1]. 2. **Key Association:** NSIP is the most common pulmonary manifestation of **Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)** and other Connective Tissue Diseases (CTDs). 3. **Temporal Homogeneity:** Unlike UIP, which shows "temporal heterogeneity" (old and new lesions together), NSIP lesions are **temporally homogeneous** (all lesions appear to be of the same age) [1]. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Lung, pp. 693-695.

Question 1

What is a characteristic feature of shock lung?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse alveolar damage

Answer

Usual interstitial pneumonitis

Answer

Organizing pneumonia

Answer

Bronchiolitis

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about Non-specific interstitial pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Associated with a good prognosis

Answer

Early appearance of honeycombing on CT

Answer

Males are affected more commonly than females

Answer

Common in the elderly age group

Question 3

A 72-year-old woman presents with a 3-month history of difficulty with vision in her right eye and pain in the right upper chest. Physical examination reveals unilateral enophthalmos, miosis, anhidrosis, and ptosis on the right side of her face. A chest radiograph shows right upper lobe opacification and bony destruction of the right first rib. Which of the following conditions is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Bronchogenic carcinoma

Answer

Bronchopneumonia

Answer

Bronchiectasis

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT typically seen in ARDS?

Accepted Answer

Dilated bronchioles

Answer

Edema

Answer

Fibrosis

Answer

Alveolar damage

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a stage of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Stage of Cavitation

Answer

Stage of Exudation

Answer

Stage of Red Hepatization

Answer

Stage of Resolution

Respiratory Pathology — MCQs

Respiratory Pathology — MCQs

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