Inflammation and Repair Practice Questions

Q: Which among the following is a vasoconstrictor?

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2). **Explanation:** The correct answer is **Thromboxane A2 (TXA2)**. In the context of inflammation and hemostasis, vasoactive mediators are classified based on their effect on vascular smooth muscle. **Thromboxane A2 (TXA2)** is a potent **vasoconstrictor** and a powerful inducer of platelet aggregation [1]. It is synthesized from arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, primarily within platelets [1]. Its primary physiological role is to limit blood flow at the site of injury and facilitate the formation of a platelet plug. **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Histamine:** One of the first mediators released during acute inflammation (from mast cell degranulation). It causes **vasodilation** of arterioles and increases the permeability of venules [1]. * **Prostacyclin (PGI2):** Produced by vascular endothelium, it acts as the functional antagonist to TXA2. It is a potent **vasodilator** and an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, maintaining vascular patency. * **Bradykinin:** A peptide of the kinin system that causes significant **vasodilation**, increased vascular permeability, and mediates pain. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Vasoconstrictors to remember:** Thromboxane A2, Leukotrienes (C4, D4, E4), Endothelin, and Angiotensin II [1]. * **Vasodilators to remember:** Histamine, Prostaglandins (PGE2, PGD2, PGF2α, PGI2), Nitric Oxide (NO), and Bradykinin [1]. * **Aspirin Connection:** Low-dose aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX-1 in platelets, reducing TXA2 levels, which explains its clinical use as an anti-platelet/cardioprotective agent. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Inflammation and Repair, pp. 94-95.

Question 1

Diapedesis primarily occurs in?

Accepted Answer

Venules

Answer

Arterioles

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

None of the above

Question 2

Wound healing is the summation of which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

Fibrolysis

Answer

Coagulation

Answer

Matrix synthesis

Answer

Angiogenesis

Question 3

What is the typical timeframe for a wound site to regain its normal tensile strength?

Accepted Answer

None of the above

Answer

One week

Answer

Two weeks

Answer

Two months

Question 4

What inflammatory cell will be seen after 2 days of acute appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Answer

Neutrophil

Answer

Eosinophil

Answer

Lymphocyte

Question 5

All of the following are true regarding vasodilation in acute inflammation, except?

Accepted Answer

First affects arterioles and followed by opening of capillaries

Answer

Caused by release of histamine

Answer

Vasodilation leads to extravasation of fluid from microvasculature, leading to edema

Answer

Vasodilation occurs notably due to the action of histamine on vascular smooth muscle

Question 6

Which vasoactive amine is involved in inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Histamine

Answer

Renin

Answer

Angiotensin

Answer

All of the above

Question 7

What is the major source for histamine released during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Mast cells

Answer

Platelets

Answer

Basophils

Answer

Endothelial cells

Question 8

What is the earliest feature of reversible cell injury?

Accepted Answer

Hydropic swelling

Answer

Amorphous densities

Answer

Ribosomal detachment

Answer

Bleb formation

Question 9

Disease or infarction of neurological tissue causes it to be repaired by what?

Accepted Answer

Neuroglia

Answer

Fluid

Answer

Proliferation of adjacent nerve cells

Answer

Blood vessels

Question 10

Which among the following is a vasoconstrictor?

Accepted Answer

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2)

Answer

Histamine

Answer

Prostacyclin (PGI2)

Answer

Bradykinin

Inflammation and Repair — MCQs

Inflammation and Repair — MCQs

On this page

Practice by Chapter

Want unlimited practice?