Inflammation and Repair Practice Questions

Q: Wound strength reaches approximately 70% after how much time?

3 months. **Explanation:** The tensile strength of a healing wound is a function of collagen deposition and remodeling. This process follows a specific chronological pattern: * **Correct Answer (C):** By the end of **3 months**, wound strength reaches approximately **70% to 80%** of the strength of unwounded skin [1]. This is the plateau phase where the rate of strength gain slows down significantly. It is important to note that a scar rarely, if ever, regains 100% of the original tissue strength [1]. **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Option A (1 week):** At the end of the first week (when sutures are typically removed), the wound strength is only about **10%** [1]. This is why wound dehiscence is a risk if excessive tension is applied early. * **Option B (1 month):** Strength increases rapidly over the next few weeks due to collagen cross-linking and the shift from Type III to Type I collagen, but it has not yet reached the 70% threshold [1]. * **Option D (6 months):** While remodeling continues for up to a year, the specific milestone of 70-80% strength is traditionally associated with the 3-month mark in standard pathology texts (Robbins) [1]. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Collagen Switch:** In early wound healing (granulation tissue), **Type III collagen** predominates. During maturation/remodeling, it is replaced by **Type I collagen**, which provides greater tensile strength [1]. * **Vitamin C & Copper:** These are essential cofactors for collagen cross-linking (prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl oxidase, respectively). Deficiency leads to poor wound healing. * **The 10% Rule:** Remember that at 1 week, strength is 10% [1]. This is a frequent "distractor" in exams. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Inflammation and Repair, pp. 119-121.

Q: Which of the following statements regarding coagulative necrosis is false?

Affected tissue has a cheese-like appearance.. **Explanation:** **Why Option D is the correct answer (False statement):** A "cheese-like" (friable, yellow-white) appearance is the hallmark of **Caseous necrosis**, not coagulative necrosis [1]. Caseous necrosis is typically seen in granulomatous inflammation, most notably in Tuberculosis [1]. In contrast, coagulative necrosis results in firm, opaque, and pale tissue. **Analysis of other options:** * **Option A (Most common type):** This is a true statement. Coagulative necrosis is the most frequent pattern of cell death encountered in clinical practice. * **Option B (Ischemia):** This is true. Ischemia (loss of blood supply) is the primary cause of coagulative necrosis in all solid organs except the brain (where ischemia leads to liquefactive necrosis). * **Option C (Tombstone appearance):** This is a classic histological description. In coagulative necrosis, the cell's structural framework is preserved for several days despite the loss of the nucleus. The cells appear as "ghostly" outlines or "tombstones" because the denaturation of proteins prevents immediate proteolysis. **NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** 1. **Mechanism:** The primary mechanism is the **denaturation of structural proteins and enzymes**, which blocks proteolysis (autolysis). 2. **Microscopy:** Characterized by increased eosinophilia (due to loss of cytoplasmic RNA) and nuclear changes (pyknosis → karyorrhexis → karyolysis). 3. **Exception Rule:** Ischemia in the **Brain** leads to **Liquefactive necrosis**, not coagulative. 4. **Clinical Example:** Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common clinical example of coagulative necrosis. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Cellular Responses to Stress and Toxic Insults: Adaptation, Injury, and Death, p. 55.

Question 1

Endothelial ligands VCAM and ICAM are involved in which process?

Accepted Answer

Adhesion

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Chemotaxis

Answer

Leukocyte activation

Question 2

Chemotaxis is the main function of which molecule?

Accepted Answer

C5a

Answer

ICAM1

Answer

P-selectin

Answer

IL-5

Question 3

How does a keloid differ from a hypertrophic scar?

Accepted Answer

Growth beyond the original wound margins

Answer

Decreased fibroblast proliferation

Answer

Increased fibroblast proliferation

Answer

Excessive fibrous tissue deposition

Question 4

All the following organs are likely to undergo coagulative necrosis except?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Spleen

Answer

Heart

Answer

Kidney

Question 5

An itching wound suggests a:

Accepted Answer

Hypersensitivity reaction

Answer

Infection

Answer

Contraction

Answer

Separation

Question 6

Wound strength reaches approximately 70% after how much time?

Accepted Answer

3 months

Answer

1 week

Answer

1 month

Answer

6 months

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding coagulative necrosis is false?

Accepted Answer

Affected tissue has a cheese-like appearance.

Answer

It is the most common type of necrosis.

Answer

Ischemia can lead to coagulative necrosis.

Answer

Affected tissue appears as a 'tombstone'.

Question 8

All of the following processes show features of acute inflammation except?

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis

Answer

Pyroptosis

Answer

Necroptosis

Answer

Necrosis

Question 9

What is the term for leukocyte migration through the capillary wall?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Answer

Rolling

Answer

Migration

Answer

Pavementing

Question 10

A 28-year-old woman cuts her hand while dicing vegetables in the kitchen. The wound is cleaned and sutured. Five days later, the site of injury contains an abundance of chronic inflammatory cells that actively secrete interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-a, interferon- a, numerous arachidonic acid derivatives, and various enzymes. What are these cells?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Answer

B lymphocytes

Answer

Plasma cells

Answer

Smooth muscle cells

Inflammation and Repair — MCQs

Inflammation and Repair — MCQs

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