Hematopathology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following cytogenetic abnormalities is NOT seen in acute myelodysplastic syndrome?

Monosomy 9. ### Explanation The question asks for the cytogenetic abnormality **not** typically associated with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). **1. Why Monosomy 9 is the Correct Answer:** Monosomy 9 (loss of an entire chromosome 9) is an extremely rare finding in MDS. While deletions of the long arm of chromosome 9 (**del 9q**) can be seen in AML (often associated with t(8;21)), **Monosomy 9** is not a characteristic or recurrent feature of MDS. In contrast, MDS is defined by specific recurrent chromosomal losses (monosomies or interstitial deletions) and specific gains [1]. **2. Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Trisomy 8:** This is the most common **gain** of a chromosome in MDS. It is considered an intermediate-risk cytogenetic abnormality [1]. * **Deletion of 5q (del 5q):** This is one of the most common and characteristic deletions in MDS. The "5q- syndrome" is a distinct clinical entity characterized by macrocytic anemia, thrombocytosis, and erythroid hypoplasia with a favorable prognosis [1]. * **Deletion of 20q (del 20q):** This is a common recurrent deletion in MDS and other myeloproliferative neoplasms. It is generally associated with a good prognosis when it occurs as an isolated abnormality [1]. **3. NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** * **Most common cytogenetic abnormalities in MDS:** del(5q), Monosomy 7/del(7q), Trisomy 8, and del(20q) [1]. * **Good Prognosis:** Isolated del(5q), isolated del(20q), and normal karyotype [1]. * **Poor Prognosis:** Monosomy 7 or Complex karyotype (≥3 abnormalities) [1]. * **MDS Hallmark:** Ineffective hematopoiesis leading to peripheral cytopenias despite a hypercellular bone marrow [1]. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Diseases of White Blood Cells, Lymph Nodes, Spleen, and Thymus, pp. 622-624.

Question 1

Which of the following cytogenetic abnormalities is NOT seen in acute myelodysplastic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Monosomy 9

Answer

Trisomy 8

Answer

Deletion of 20q

Answer

Deletion of 5q

Question 2

Megalolomes in nucleated cells are seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

All the above

Answer

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome

Answer

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

Answer

DiGeorge's syndrome

Question 3

Features seen in hemolytic anemia are all, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Tear drop and Burr cells

Answer

Reduced Haptoglobin

Answer

Reticulocytosis

Answer

Hemoglobinuria

Question 4

Plasmacytoid lymphomas may be associated with which immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

IgM

Answer

IgG

Answer

IgA

Answer

IgE

Question 5

In Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), which of the following findings are typically observed?

Accepted Answer

Decreased fibrinogen

Answer

Normal aPTT

Answer

Increased PT

Answer

Increased factor VIII

Question 6

A patient presents with progressive pallor, hyper-segmented neutrophils, and an MCV > 100 fL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Megaloblastic anemia

Answer

Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer

Dimorphic anemia

Answer

Thalassemia

Question 7

Megaloblastic anemia is due to?

Accepted Answer

Defect in DNA synthesis

Answer

Defect in RNA synthesis

Answer

Defect in protein synthesis

Answer

None of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is not compatible with a diagnosis of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia?

Accepted Answer

Presence of bcr/abl fusion gene

Answer

Peripheral blood monocytosis, more than 1 x 10^9/L

Answer

Increased Hemoglobin F levels for age

Answer

GM-CSF hypersensitivity of myeloid progenitors in vitro

Question 9

Which of the following is not a B-cell neoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Angiocentric lymphoma

Answer

Hairy cell leukemia

Answer

Mantle cell lymphoma

Answer

Burkitt's lymphoma

Question 10

Bite cells are characteristic of which condition?

Accepted Answer

G6PD deficiency

Answer

Thalassemia

Answer

Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer

Sideroblastic anemia

Hematopathology — MCQs

Hematopathology — MCQs

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