Hematopathology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following is NOT a part of the triad associated with Hegglin anomaly?

Albinism. **Explanation:** **May-Hegglin Anomaly (MHA)** is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited macrothrombocytopenia caused by a mutation in the **MYH9 gene**, which encodes the non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA. **Why Albinism is the Correct Answer:** Albinism is **not** a feature of May-Hegglin Anomaly. It is, however, a hallmark of **Chediak-Higashi Syndrome**, which also features leukocyte inclusions. In Chediak-Higashi, the inclusions are giant peroxidase-positive lysosomal granules, whereas in May-Hegglin, they are RNA-containing cytoplasmic inclusions. **Analysis of Incorrect Options (The Triad of May-Hegglin):** The classic triad of May-Hegglin Anomaly consists of: * **Thrombocytopenia (Option A):** Most patients have a reduced platelet count, though they are often asymptomatic or have only mild bleeding tendencies. * **Giant Platelets (Option B):** Large, poorly granulated "megaplatelets" are seen on the peripheral smear. * **Inclusion Bodies in Leukocytes (Option D):** These are known as **Döhle-like bodies**. They are blue-gray, spindle-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions found in neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. Unlike true Döhle bodies (seen in infections), these are present in all granulocytes and persist throughout the patient's life. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Gene Mutation:** MYH9 (located on chromosome 22q). * **Differentiating Feature:** Unlike Chediak-Higashi, May-Hegglin does **not** involve increased susceptibility to infections or albinism. * **Diagnosis:** Peripheral blood smear is the primary tool; inclusions are composed of precipitated myosin heavy chains and ribosomes. * **Associated Syndromes:** Other MYH9-related disorders include Sebastian, Fechtner, and Epstein syndromes, which may include additional features like sensorineural deafness or nephritis.

Q: What is the typical lifespan of transfused platelets?

3-5 days. **Explanation:** The correct answer is **3-5 days (Option C)**. **1. Understanding the Concept:** In a healthy individual, the physiological lifespan of endogenous platelets is approximately **7–10 days**. However, transfused platelets have a significantly shorter survival time. This reduction is due to the "storage lesion"—biochemical and structural changes that occur during collection, processing, and storage at room temperature (20–24°C). Once infused, these platelets are cleared more rapidly by the recipient's reticuloendothelial system. In a stable patient without complications, the expected survival of transfused platelets is typically **3 to 5 days**. **2. Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Option A (<24 hours):** This is seen in pathological states of increased consumption or destruction, such as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), ITP, or high-grade fever/sepsis, but it is not the "typical" lifespan. * **Option B (1-3 days):** While survival can be this short in moderately ill patients, 3-5 days is the standard textbook duration for a stable recipient. * **Option D (7-14 days):** This reflects the lifespan of natural, endogenous platelets in a healthy person, not transfused ones. **3. NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** * **Storage:** Platelets are stored at **20–24°C (Room Temperature)** with continuous agitation to prevent aggregation and maintain pH. * **Shelf Life:** Due to the risk of bacterial contamination at room temperature, the maximum storage life is only **5 days**. * **Dose Response:** One unit of Random Donor Platelets (RDP) typically increases the platelet count by **5,000–10,000/µL**, whereas one unit of Single Donor Platelets (SDP) increases it by **30,000–60,000/µL**. * **Refractoriness:** If the 1-hour post-transfusion increment is less than expected on two occasions, it suggests platelet refractoriness (often due to HLA alloimmunization).

Question 1

Which type of mutation leads to sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

Point mutation

Answer

Crossover mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Answer

Deletion mutation

Question 2

Bart's hydrops fetalis is lethal because:

Accepted Answer

Hb Bart's cannot release oxygen to fetal tissues

Answer

Hb Bart's cannot bind oxygen

Answer

The excess a-globin forms insoluble precipitates

Answer

Microcytic red cells become trapped in the placenta

Question 3

Aplastic anemia results from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Cytotoxic drugs

Answer

Whole body irradiation

Answer

HIV infection

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a part of the triad associated with Hegglin anomaly?

Accepted Answer

Albinism

Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Answer

Giant platelets

Answer

Inclusion bodies in leukocytes

Question 5

Beta-2 microglobulin levels are typically elevated in which condition?

Accepted Answer

Multiple myeloma

Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer

Immunocompromised patient

Answer

None of the above

Question 6

In sickle cell trait, how many hemoglobin bands are typically found?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

4

Answer

5

Question 7

Decreased LAP score is found in:

Accepted Answer

Pernicious anemia

Answer

Leukaemoid reaction

Answer

Myelofibrosis

Answer

Polycythemia

Question 8

Schistocytes are seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

Answer

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

Answer

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Question 9

A 60-year-old man is referred because of splenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy. The total white blood cell count is markedly elevated, and the differential count reveals a preponderance of mature appearing lymphocytes. Bone marrow examination reveals a diffuse infiltration with similar-appearing lymphocytes. Which of the following statements best characterizes this disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infections are common early in the disease due to hypogammaglobulinemia.

Answer

A progressive increase in the number of myeloblasts and promyelocytes is indicative of acceleration of the disease process.

Answer

Mean survival is less than 1 year after diagnosis.

Answer

Myelofibrosis is a common complication.

Question 10

What is the typical lifespan of transfused platelets?

Accepted Answer

3-5 days

Answer

<24 hours

Answer

1-3 days

Answer

7-14 days

Hematopathology — MCQs

Hematopathology — MCQs

On this page

Practice by Chapter

Want unlimited practice?