General Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Amyloid deposits stain positively with all of the following except?

Methenamine silver. **Explanation:** Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins in a cross-beta-pleated sheet configuration [1]. The correct answer is **Methenamine silver** because it is primarily used to stain fungi (e.g., *Pneumocystis jirovecii*) and basement membranes (e.g., in renal pathology), not amyloid. **Analysis of Options:** * **Congo Red (Option A):** This is the gold standard for amyloid. Under ordinary light, it stains amyloid pink-red [1]. Under polarized light, it demonstrates the pathognomonic **apple-green birefringence** [1]. * **Crystal Violet (Option B):** This is a metachromatic stain. Amyloid reacts with the dye to produce a rose-pink or violet color, while the background tissue remains blue. * **Thioflavin T (Option D):** This is a fluorescent stain. When viewed under a fluorescence microscope, amyloid deposits show a secondary yellow-green fluorescence. It is highly sensitive but less specific than Congo Red. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **H&E Stain:** Amyloid appears as an amorphous, eosinophilic, extracellular hyaline substance [2]. * **Sirius Red:** Another specific stain that shows birefringence similar to Congo Red. * **Iodine/Sulfuric Acid:** Historically, Virchow used iodine (turning amyloid mahogany brown) followed by sulfuric acid (turning it blue/black), which led to the name "amyloid" (starch-like) [1]. * **Most common type:** AL (Light chain) is associated with Plasma Cell Dyscrasias; AA (Amyloid Associated) is associated with chronic inflammation [1]. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Diseases of the Immune System, pp. 264-269. [2] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. Common Clinical Problems From Diseases Of The Urinary And Male Genital Tracts, pp. 533-534.

Q: What is the most common autoimmune disease in young men?

Reiter's disease. **Explanation:** **Reiter’s Disease (Reactive Arthritis)** is the correct answer because it is statistically the most common autoimmune-mediated inflammatory arthropathy affecting young men (typically aged 20–40) [1]. It classically follows a gastrointestinal (e.g., *Salmonella*, *Shigella*) or genitourinary (e.g., *Chlamydia trachomatis*) infection [1]. The strong male predominance (up to 9:1 in venereal cases) and its prevalence in early adulthood make it the most frequent choice in this demographic. **Analysis of Options:** * **Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS):** While AS also affects young men and is strongly associated with HLA-B27, it is a chronic, progressive spondyloarthropathy [1]. Reactive arthritis occurs more frequently in the general population as an acute/subacute autoimmune response to common triggers. * **Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM):** This is an inflammatory myopathy that characteristically affects **older adults** (typically >50 years) and is more common in men, but it is rare in the "young man" demographic. * **CIDP (Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy):** This is a neurological autoimmune condition. While it can affect any age, it is far less common than inflammatory arthritis. **NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** * **The Classic Triad:** "Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree" (Conjunctivitis, Urethritis, and Arthritis) [1]. * **Genetic Association:** Strongly linked to **HLA-B27** (present in ~75% of cases) [1]. * **Cutaneous Manifestations:** Look for **Keratoderma blennorrhagicum** (psoriasis-like skin lesions on palms/soles) and **Circinate balanitis**. * **Joint Involvement:** Typically presents as an asymmetric oligoarthritis affecting the lower limbs [1]. **References:** [1] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. Common Clinical Problems From Osteoarticular And Connective Tissue Disease, pp. 680-681.

Question 1

Amyloid deposits stain positively with all of the following except?

Accepted Answer

Methenamine silver

Answer

Congo-red

Answer

Crystal violet

Answer

Thioflavin T

Question 2

All lysosomal storage diseases are autosomal recessive, EXCEPT?

Accepted Answer

Fabry's disease

Answer

Hurler disease

Answer

Morquio disease

Answer

Gaucher disease

Question 3

Karyotyping of a fetus is done by all the following procedures except?

Accepted Answer

Fetal skin biopsy

Answer

Chorionic villus sampling

Answer

Cordocentesis

Answer

Amniocentesis

Question 4

Which of the following stains can be used to demonstrate fat?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Oil red

Answer

Sudan black B

Answer

Osmium tetroxide

Question 5

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease mediated by T cells?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Autoimmune atrophic gastritis of pernicious anemia

Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 6

What is the most common autoimmune disease in young men?

Accepted Answer

Reiter's disease

Answer

Ankylosing spondylosis

Answer

Inclusion body myositis

Answer

CIDP

Question 7

A patient presents with fatigue, fever, anorexia, and weight loss. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Question 8

What does dyskeratosis refer to?

Accepted Answer

Premature keratinization

Answer

Leukoplakia

Answer

Hyperpigmentation

Answer

Nail dystrophy

Question 9

Epithelioid granuloma may be seen in all of the following conditions except?

Accepted Answer

Pneumocystis carinii

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Answer

Tuberculosis

Answer

Hodgkin's lymphoma

Question 10

All of the following are angiogenic factors EXCEPT?

Accepted Answer

IFN

Answer

VEGF

Answer

PDGF

Answer

TGF-β

General Pathology — MCQs

General Pathology — MCQs

On this page

Practice by Chapter

Want unlimited practice?