General Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Which stain is NOT used for lipids?

Congo red. **Explanation:** The correct answer is **Congo red** because it is the gold-standard stain for **Amyloid**, not lipids. 1. **Why Congo red is the correct answer:** Congo red is a specific stain used to identify amyloid fibrils. Under ordinary light, it stains amyloid pink-red [1]. However, its diagnostic hallmark is seen under **polarized microscopy**, where amyloid exhibits a characteristic **apple-green birefringence** [1, 2]. It has no affinity for lipid molecules. 2. **Why the other options are incorrect:** * **Oil Red O:** This is a lysochrome (fat-soluble) dye used specifically to demonstrate neutral triglycerides and lipids in frozen sections. It imparts a bright red color to fat droplets. * **Sudan III & Sudan Black B:** These are the most common stains for lipids. Sudan III stains lipids orange-red, while Sudan Black B is the most sensitive of the Sudan dyes, staining neutral fats black. Sudan Black is also used in hematopathology to differentiate AML (positive) from ALL (negative). **NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** * **Processing Requirement:** To stain lipids, tissues must be processed as **frozen sections**. Conventional paraffin embedding involves alcohols and xylol, which dissolve lipids, leaving behind empty vacuoles (clear spaces). * **Other Lipid Stains:** Osmium tetroxide (stains fat black and is used for electron microscopy). * **Amyloid Stains:** Apart from Congo red, other stains include Thioflavin T/S (fluorescent) and Crystal violet (metachromatic). **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Diseases of the Immune System, pp. 268-269. [2] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Heart, pp. 580-581.

Question 1

Migratory thrombophlebitis is associated with all of the following except?

Accepted Answer

Prostate

Answer

Lung

Answer

Gastrointestinal tract

Answer

Pancreas

Question 2

Verrucous carcinoma is:

Accepted Answer

Extremely well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

Answer

Adenosquamous carcinoma

Answer

Adenocarcinoma

Question 3

Klinefelter syndrome is associated with all, except:

Accepted Answer

Barr body absent

Answer

Delayed puberty

Answer

Male phenotype

Answer

Azoospermia

Question 4

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Cirrhosis

Answer

Neonatal hepatitis

Answer

Pulmonary emphysema

Question 5

Which of the following is a peroxisomal free radical scavenger?

Accepted Answer

Catalase

Answer

Superoxide dismutase

Answer

Glutathione peroxidase

Answer

Selenium

Question 6

A white infarct is typically due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Arterial occlusion

Answer

Hemorrhage

Answer

Infection

Answer

Venous thrombosis

Question 7

Increased proliferation of cells is called:

Accepted Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Atrophy

Answer

Metaplasia

Question 8

Which of the following cytokines are involved in the resolution of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-1 receptor antagonist

Answer

TNF-alpha, IL-1, and CRP

Answer

TNF-beta, IL-6, and CRP

Answer

TNF-gamma

Question 9

Which stain is NOT used for lipids?

Accepted Answer

Congo red

Answer

Oil red

Answer

Sudan III

Answer

Sudan black

Question 10

A 24-year-old female presents with severe pain during menses (dysmenorrhea). To treat her symptoms, you advise her to take indomethacin in the hopes that it will reduce her pain by interfering with the production of which substance?

Accepted Answer

Prostaglandin F2

Answer

Bradykinin

Answer

Histamine

Answer

Phospholipase A2

General Pathology — MCQs

General Pathology — MCQs

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