General Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Liquefactive necrosis is typically seen in which organ?

Brain. **Explanation:** **Liquefactive necrosis** is characterized by the transformation of the tissue into a liquid, viscous mass. This occurs because the rate of enzymatic digestion of cells exceeds the rate of protein denaturation. **Why the Brain is the Correct Answer:** In the Central Nervous System (CNS), hypoxic cell death (infarction) uniquely results in liquefactive necrosis [1]. This is due to two primary reasons: 1. **High Lipid Content:** The brain is rich in lipids and low in supportive connective tissue. 2. **Hydrolytic Enzymes:** Brain cells contain a high concentration of lysosomal enzymes that rapidly digest the dead tissue [1]. Additionally, microglia (the resident macrophages) release these enzymes to clear the debris, resulting in a fluid-filled cavity or "cyst." **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **A, B, and D (Heart, Spleen, and Kidney):** These are solid organs. Ischemic injury (infarction) in these organs typically leads to **Coagulative Necrosis**. In coagulative necrosis, protein denaturation prevails, preserving the basic structural outline of the dead tissue (tombstone appearance) for several days until leukocytes arrive to digest it. **High-Yield NEET-PG Pearls:** * **Exceptions:** While most bacterial and fungal infections cause liquefactive necrosis (due to the recruitment of neutrophils and release of enzymes), the **Brain** is the only organ where **sterile** ischemic injury causes liquefaction [1]. * **Key Feature:** The end result of liquefactive necrosis in the brain is the formation of a **pseudocyst** (a cavity not lined by epithelium) [1]. * **Comparison:** Remember the "Rule of Thumb"—Ischemia in all solid organs causes Coagulative necrosis, **EXCEPT** the brain. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Central Nervous System, pp. 1268-1269.

Question 1

Which of the following organs is not involved in hemochromatosis?

Accepted Answer

Testis

Answer

Liver

Answer

Heart

Answer

Pancreas

Question 2

What are the histological features of acute rejection of a renal transplant?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophilic infiltration

Answer

Areolar hyalinosis

Answer

Eosinophilic infiltration

Answer

Glomerular vasodilation

Question 3

Liquefactive necrosis is typically seen in which organ?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Heart

Answer

Spleen

Answer

Kidney

Question 4

All of the following are viral inclusion bodies, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Psammoma bodies

Answer

Molluscum

Answer

Negri bodies

Answer

Bollinger bodies

Question 5

CD4 is not important for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxicity of T cells

Answer

Antibody production

Answer

Memory B cells

Answer

Opsonization

Question 6

What condition is characterized by the presence of hematoxylin bodies?

Accepted Answer

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)

Answer

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Answer

Wegener's Granulomatosis

Question 7

Deficiency of vitamin D increases the risk of all of the following cancers EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Lymphoma

Answer

Colon cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an endogenous chemoattractant?

Accepted Answer

Integrins

Answer

C5a

Answer

LTB4

Answer

IL 8

Question 9

Dense mass of connective tissue seen in endodontically treated teeth is called as:

Accepted Answer

Periapical scar

Answer

Periapical cyst

Answer

Periapical granuloma

Answer

Residual cyst

Question 10

Myositis ossificans is an example of which of the following cellular adaptations?

Accepted Answer

Metaplasia

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Both hyperplasia and hypertrophy

General Pathology — MCQs

General Pathology — MCQs

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