General Pathology Practice Questions

Q: In the provided karyotype, which abnormality is observed? The karyotype shows 2 X-chromosomes and 1 Y-chromosome.

Gynecomastia with long thin limbs. ***Gynecomastia with long thin limbs*** - The karyotype **47,XXY** indicates **Klinefelter syndrome**, which commonly presents with **gynecomastia** due to hormonal imbalances and **eunuchoid body habitus** with long limbs. - Males with Klinefelter syndrome typically have **tall stature**, **sparse body hair**, and **small testes** along with these characteristic physical features. *Short stature with polydactyly* - Short stature with polydactyly is characteristic of **Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)** with karyotype **47,XX/XY,+13**. - This syndrome also presents with **cleft lip/palate**, **microcephaly**, and **cardiac defects**, not associated with the XXY karyotype. *Loose connective tissue at the nape of the neck* - **Webbed neck** or nuchal fold is a classic feature of **Turner syndrome** with karyotype **45,X**. - Turner syndrome affects females and includes **short stature**, **streak gonads**, and **coarctation of aorta**, unlike Klinefelter syndrome. *High-pitched crying* - **High-pitched cat-like cry** is pathognomonic for **Cri-du-chat syndrome** caused by **deletion of chromosome 5p**. - This syndrome presents with **microcephaly**, **intellectual disability**, and **distinctive facial features**, not related to sex chromosome abnormalities.

Question 1

Multifactorial inheritance is seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac septal defects

Answer

Neurofibroma

Answer

Hemophilia

Answer

Hypophosphatemic rickets

Question 2

Hepatolenticular degeneration is seen with the deposition of which metal?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Cadmium

Answer

Lead

Answer

Aluminium

Question 3

In the provided karyotype, which abnormality is observed? The karyotype shows 2 X-chromosomes and 1 Y-chromosome.

Accepted Answer

Gynecomastia with long thin limbs

Answer

Short stature with polydactyly

Answer

Loose connective tissue at the nape of the neck

Answer

High-pitched crying

Question 4

Metastatic calcification is most commonly seen in which of the following locations?

Accepted Answer

Lungs

Answer

Cornea

Answer

Extensor tendon

Answer

Renal tubules

Question 5

Metastatic calcification is most commonly seen in which of the following locations?

Accepted Answer

Lungs

Answer

Cornea

Answer

Extensor tendon

Answer

Renal tubules

Question 6

An overproduction of tissue normal to a particular area is called as what?

Accepted Answer

Hamartoma

Answer

Tumor

Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Hypertrophy

Question 7

What is the inheritance pattern of the ABO blood group system?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Answer

Pseudodominance

Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 8

Biopsy of the parotid gland in Sjogren's syndrome shows which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes

Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

Eosinophils

Answer

Basophils

Question 9

Ectopic ACTH production is most commonly seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

Answer

Anaplastic carcinoma of the lung

Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

Answer

Adenocarcinoma of the cerebellum

Question 10

HMB 45 is a tumor marker for which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Malignant melanoma

Answer

Neuroblastoma

Answer

Neurofibroma

Answer

Angiosarcoma

General Pathology — MCQs

General Pathology — MCQs

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