Gastrointestinal Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Erosive gastritis commonly occurs at which location?

Body and Antrum. **Explanation:** **Correct Answer: C. Body and Antrum** **Medical Concept:** Erosive gastritis (also known as acute hemorrhagic gastritis) is characterized by damage to the gastric mucosal barrier, leading to mucosal inflammation, erosions, and hemorrhage [1]. The most common triggers include NSAIDs, alcohol, and severe physiological stress (e.g., burns, trauma). [1] Pathologically, these erosions are typically **multifocal** and involve the **body and the antrum** of the stomach. While the antrum is frequently involved due to its role in acid regulation and proximity to ingested irritants (like NSAIDs), the body is equally affected because it contains the majority of the acid-secreting parietal cells, which exacerbate mucosal injury once the protective barrier is breached. **Analysis of Options:** * **A & B (Body and Fundus / Body):** While the body is a primary site, these options are incomplete. The fundus is less frequently involved compared to the antrum in typical erosive gastritis. * **D (Fundus and Antrum):** The fundus is the uppermost part of the stomach and is generally less susceptible to the pooling of irritants or the primary acid-insult seen in erosive patterns compared to the body. **NEET-PG High-Yield Pearls:** * **Curling Ulcer:** Stress ulcers occurring in the proximal duodenum, typically associated with **severe burns** [1]. * **Cushing Ulcer:** Gastric, duodenal, or esophageal ulcers associated with **increased intracranial pressure** (due to vagal stimulation leading to hypersecretion of gastric acid). * **Morphology:** Erosions are superficial (do not cross the muscularis mucosae), whereas ulcers are deep. * **Key Risk Factor:** NSAIDs inhibit COX-1, leading to decreased Prostaglandin $E_2$ and $I_2$, which are essential for mucus and bicarbonate secretion. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Gastrointestinal Tract, pp. 767-768.

Question 1

Which of the following antibodies is highly specific for celiac disease?

Accepted Answer

Anti-endomysial antibody

Answer

Anti-gliadin antibodies

Answer

IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase

Answer

All of the above

Question 2

What is a mucocele of the appendix?

Accepted Answer

Benign tumor

Answer

Low-grade malignancy

Answer

Retention cyst

Answer

Infective process

Question 3

Erosive gastritis commonly occurs at which location?

Accepted Answer

Body and Antrum

Answer

Body and Fundus

Answer

Body

Answer

Fundus and Antrum

Question 4

Which of the following is a tumor marker for CA Colon?

Accepted Answer

CEA

Answer

AFP

Answer

Acid phosphatase

Answer

Neuron-specific enolase

Question 5

Which of the following conditions causing malabsorption has no effect on villus architecture and no inflammatory reaction?

Accepted Answer

Abetalipoproteinemia

Answer

Giardiasis

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Whipple's disease

Question 6

What staining is used for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease?

Accepted Answer

AChE

Answer

Fontana stain

Answer

Trichrome stain

Answer

Auramine Rhodamine stain

Question 7

Which of the following is associated with rectal adenoma?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Familial polyposis coli

Answer

Intussusception

Answer

Hemorrhoids

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT true about Celiac disease?

Accepted Answer

Increased thickness of the mucosa

Answer

Crypt hyperplasia

Answer

Increased intraepithelial lymphocytes

Answer

Increased inflammatory cells in lamina propria

Question 9

Skip granulomatous lesions are seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Whipple's disease

Answer

Reiter's disease

Question 10

H. pylori infection causes carcinoma by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Gastric metaplasia

Answer

Production of nitrosamines

Answer

Increasing acid secretion

Answer

Causing mutation

Gastrointestinal Pathology — MCQs

Gastrointestinal Pathology — MCQs

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