Gastrointestinal Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following statements is true about gastric lymphoma?

All of the above.. Gastric lymphoma is a high-yield topic for NEET-PG, representing the most common site for extranodal lymphomas [1]. **Explanation of the Correct Answer:** The correct answer is **D (All of the above)** because each statement accurately describes the clinico-pathological features of gastric lymphoma: * **Option A:** The stomach is the most common site for extranodal **Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL)**. The two most frequent histological subtypes are MALToma (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue lymphoma) and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) [1]. * **Option B:** Definitive diagnosis requires a **biopsy** obtained via upper GI endoscopy. Histopathology identifies the characteristic "lymphoepithelial lesions," where malignant B-cells infiltrate the gastric glandular epithelium [1]. * **Option C:** There is a strong **causal relationship with *Helicobacter pylori***. Chronic infection triggers an immune response that leads to the formation of organized lymphoid tissue (MALT), which can undergo malignant transformation [1]. Notably, early-stage MALTomas often regress completely following *H. pylori* eradication therapy. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Genetic Hallmark:** The most common translocation in MALToma is **t(11;18)(q21;q21)**, involving the *API2-MLT* gene fusion. This translocation is a predictor of poor response to *H. pylori* eradication. * **Immunophenotype:** MALToma cells typically express B-cell markers: **CD19, CD20, and CD79a**. They are usually CD5, CD10, and CD23 negative. * **Treatment:** Low-grade MALToma is unique because the first-line treatment is often medical (Triple therapy for *H. pylori*) rather than surgical or oncological [1]. **References:** [1] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. Common Clinical Problems From Alimentary System Disease, pp. 356-358.

Question 1

Hirschsprung's disease is due to:

Accepted Answer

Failure of migration of neural crest cells from cranial to caudal direction

Answer

Loss of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus

Answer

Atrophy of longitudinal muscles

Answer

Malformed taenia coli

Question 2

The histologic criteria for diagnosis of acute appendicitis is neutrophilic infiltration of which layer?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis propria

Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Submucosa

Answer

Serosa

Question 3

What is the most common site for ischemic colitis?

Accepted Answer

Splenic flexure

Answer

Hepatic flexure

Answer

Descending colon

Answer

Ascending colon

Question 4

What is the most common cause of esophagitis?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal reflux

Answer

Alcohol

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Spicy and hot food

Question 5

Barrett's esophagus is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Lower esophagus lined by columnar epithelium

Answer

Upper esophagus lined by columnar epithelium

Answer

Lower esophagus lined by ciliated epithelium

Answer

Lower esophagus lined by pseudo stratified epithelium

Question 6

All of the following are true regarding Barrett's esophagus except:

Accepted Answer

Overproduction of epidermal growth factor from saliva

Answer

Decreased esophageal pH

Answer

Decreased esophageal motility

Answer

Duodenogastric reflux

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about gastric lymphoma?

Accepted Answer

All of the above.

Answer

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the commonest variety.

Answer

Diagnosis is made by biopsy.

Answer

Helicobacter pylori has a direct relationship.

Question 8

What is true about Barrett's esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Columnar metaplasia

Answer

Squamous metaplasia

Answer

Irreversible

Answer

Cancerous

Question 9

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus develops in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Barrett's esophagus

Answer

Long-standing achalasia

Answer

Corrosive stricture

Answer

Alcohol abuse

Question 10

Pseudopolyps are typically seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Celiac disease

Answer

Tropical sprue

Gastrointestinal Pathology — MCQs

Gastrointestinal Pathology — MCQs

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