Cardiac Pathology Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the specimen shown?

Diamond-shaped cavity of left ventricle. ***Diamond-shaped cavity of left ventricle*** - In **hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)**, the left ventricular cavity appears **banana-shaped** or **slit-like**, not diamond-shaped, due to asymmetric septal hypertrophy. - The **thickened interventricular septum** encroaches into the LV cavity, creating a characteristic crescent or banana-like appearance. *Septal hypertrophy* - **Asymmetric septal hypertrophy** is the hallmark feature of HCM, with septal thickness typically >15mm or septal-to-posterior wall ratio >1.3. - This hypertrophy is usually **disproportionate** compared to other cardiac walls and occurs without obvious cause. *Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction* - **LVOTO** occurs in approximately 70% of HCM cases due to **systolic anterior motion (SAM)** of the mitral valve. - The hypertrophied septum and abnormal mitral valve movement create **dynamic obstruction** that worsens with decreased preload or increased contractility. *Diastolic dysfunction* - **Impaired relaxation** and **reduced compliance** are cardinal features of HCM due to myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. - Patients typically present with **exertional dyspnea** and **fatigue** secondary to elevated filling pressures despite preserved systolic function.

Question 1

All of the following are seen in Coarctation of the Aorta, except?

Accepted Answer

Boot shaped heart

Answer

Diminution of femoral pulsations

Answer

High incidence of associated Bicuspid aortic valve

Answer

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 2

Ground glass appearance of the ventricular septum is seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

Answer

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

Answer

Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)

Answer

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Question 3

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the specimen shown?

Accepted Answer

Diamond-shaped cavity of left ventricle

Answer

Septal hypertrophy

Answer

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

Answer

Diastolic dysfunction

Question 4

Osler's nodes are seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic carditis

Answer

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

Answer

Libman-Sacks endocarditis

Answer

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Question 5

Antischkow cells are seen in all conditions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Systemic sclerosis

Answer

Rheumatic fever

Answer

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Question 6

Which carcinoma metastasizes to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Carcinoma of the lung

Answer

Carcinoma of the breast

Answer

Carcinoma of the stomach

Answer

Carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Question 7

What type of exudate is characteristic of rheumatic fever?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinous

Answer

Serous

Answer

Purulent

Answer

Myxomatous

Question 8

A young female presents with verrucous vegetations on the surface of mitral valve cusps. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Libman Sacks Endocarditis

Answer

Rheumatic Fever

Answer

Marantic Endocarditis

Answer

Infective Endocarditis

Question 9

Aschoff's bodies are seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic myocarditis

Answer

Rheumatic arthritis

Answer

Bacterial endocarditis

Answer

Marantic endocarditis

Question 10

What are Aschoff cells?

Accepted Answer

Monocytes

Answer

Fibroblasts

Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

Lymphocytes

Cardiac Pathology — MCQs

Cardiac Pathology — MCQs

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