Question 1

Q: What surgery is used to treat posterior capsular opacification?

Laser Posterior Capsulotomy. **Explanation:** **Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO)**, often called a "secondary cataract," is the most common late complication of cataract surgery. It occurs due to the proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells across the posterior capsule, leading to decreased visual acuity and glare. **Why Option A is Correct:** The gold standard treatment for PCO is **Nd:YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy**. This non-invasive procedure uses a photodisruptive laser to create a small opening in the central axis of the opacified posterior capsule. This clears the visual axis and restores vision without the need for surgical incisions. **Why Other Options are Incorrect:** * **B & C (ECCE and Phacoemulsification):** These are primary surgical techniques used to *remove* a cataractous lens. They are not used to treat complications involving the capsule that remains after the initial surgery. * **D (Lensectomy):** This involves the complete removal of the lens and its capsule (often via the pars plana). It is typically reserved for complex cases like subluxated lenses or pediatric cataracts, not routine PCO. **High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Clinical Signs:** Look for **Elschnig pearls** (vacuolated cells) or **Soemmering’s ring** on slit-lamp examination. * **Laser Type:** Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) is a **solid-state, pulsed** laser. * **Mechanism:** It works via **photodisruption** (plasma formation). * **Complications of YAG Capsulotomy:** The most common high-yield complication is a transient **rise in Intraocular Pressure (IOP)**. Other risks include cystoid macular edema (CME) and retinal detachment.

Question

What surgery is used to treat posterior capsular opacification?

Accepted Answer

Laser Posterior Capsulotomy

Answer

Extracapsular cataract Extraction

Answer

Phacoemulsification

Answer

Lensectomy

Ophthalmic Surgery — MCQs

Ophthalmic Surgery — MCQs

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