Oncology — MCQs

Which of the following is a good prognostic marker?

A 58-year-old man with a 700-pack-year smoking history presents with shortness of breath and hemoptysis. Portable chest radiography demonstrates a large mass centrally located within the left lung field. The serum calcium is 13.0 mg/dL (normal 8.5 to 10.2). The metabolic abnormality described here is likely due to elaboration of which substance?

Which of the following is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

For the following medical condition, select the associated acid-base disturbance: Chronic pulmonary disease on steroids.

Which of the following is the most effective treatment for ER-positive breast cancer?

A 25-year-old male presents with pigmented macules on the palms, soles, and oral mucosa. He also has anemia and abdominal pain. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A 26-year-old woman presents with diffuse abdominal pain and nausea, which began 1 day ago and is now at its maximum intensity. She denies fever but reports constipation and dark urine. She has a history of similar episodes, having undergone appendectomy and cholecystectomy on separate occasions. Physical examination reveals tachycardia, diffuse abdominal tenderness without rebound tenderness, and slightly sluggish bowel sounds. Neurological examination shows decreased sensation to fine and crude touch in both lower extremities up to the knees. Laboratory findings include normal hemoglobin, WBC, and platelet counts. She has mild transaminitis with ALT 123 IU/L, AST 160 IU/L, and ALP 122 IU/L. Urine is red, but a urine dipstick is negative for blood, leukocyte esterase, nitrite, glucose, or protein. Urine porphobilinogen and total porphyrin levels are elevated, while plasma porphyrin levels are normal. What is the most likely explanation for her recurrent symptoms?

A patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma presents with a single cervical lymph node. Biopsy shows the lymphocyte-predominant variant. Which of the following is the treatment of choice?

Which acid-base disturbance is most commonly associated with hepatic cirrhosis complicated by acute kidney injury?

A patient presents to the emergency room after a seizure. Laboratory investigations reveal SIADH, and a CT scan demonstrates a lung mass. Which of the following lung cancer subtypes is most likely to cause this electrolyte imbalance?