Gastroenterology — MCQs

A 51-year-old man presents with sudden onset of massive hematemesis of bright red blood. On physical examination, his temperature is 36.9°C, pulse is 103/min, respirations are 23/min, and blood pressure is 85/50 mm Hg. His spleen tip is palpable. Laboratory studies show a hematocrit of 21%. The serologic test result for HBsAg is positive. He has had no prior episodes of hematemesis. What is the most likely cause of his hematemesis?

What is the commonest cause of Budd-Chiari syndrome?

A 50-year-old male presents with pain in the upper abdomen, pruritus, jaundice, and weight loss. He has an elevated ANA. What is the likely diagnosis?

All of the following are true about spontaneous bacterial peritonitis EXCEPT:

A 56-year-old man presents with a change in skin color, fatigue, and abdominal pain. He has also noticed increased urine output and thirst. On examination, his skin appears bronze in color, his liver span is 16 cm, and there is loss of body hair, and testicular atrophy. His ferritin is 600 ng/mL (normal 15-200 ng/mL), aspartate amino transferase (AST) 130 U/L (normal 8-20 U/L), alanine amino transferase (ALT) 150 U/L (normal 8-20 U/L), and total bilirubin 0.5 mg/dL (normal 0.1-1 mg/dL). Coagulation tests and albumin level are normal but the random glucose is elevated at 250 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

An 88-year-old woman with osteoarthritis has noticed mild epigastric discomfort for several weeks. Naproxen has helped her joint symptoms. She has emesis that resembles coffee grounds on three occasions. What is the most likely cause of gastrointestinal blood loss?

A young boy presented with severe hematemesis. On examination, there was no hepatomegaly, but mild splenomegaly was present. Endoscopy shows esophageal varices. What is the most probable diagnosis?

All of the following are criteria for irritable bowel syndrome except?

What is the most common cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

A 60-year-old male presents with progressive difficulty in swallowing, vomiting, and occasional regurgitation for the past 3 months. Barium studies showed marked dilatation of the upper esophagus with narrowing of the lower segment. Manometry showed absent esophageal peristalsis. The pathogenesis of this condition is most likely related to: