Identification — MCQs

Identification Indian Medical PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 351: Identical twins can be differentiated by their ________.

A. Blood grouping
B. DNA fingerprinting
C. Age
D. Fingerprint (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Fingerprint*** - Although identical twins originate from a single zygote and share nearly identical DNA, their **fingerprints** develop uniquely due to environmental factors in the womb affecting dermal ridge formation. - This results in distinct fingerprint patterns, making them a reliable identifier to differentiate between them. *Blood grouping* - Identical twins share the same **genetic makeup** and therefore have the same **blood type**. - Blood grouping cannot be used to differentiate between them. *DNA fingerprinting* - Identical twins are derived from the same zygote, resulting in nearly **identical DNA sequences**. - While extremely fine differences might exist (e.g., somatic mutations), standard **DNA fingerprinting** would show them as the same. *Age* - Identical twins are born at the same time from the same pregnancy, meaning they have the **exact same age**. - This characteristic cannot be used to differentiate between them.

Question 352: What term describes a child that is fraudulently claimed or substituted by a woman as her own, when it is not biologically hers?

A. Posthumous child
B. Legitimate child
C. Spurious child
D. Supposititious child (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Supposititious child*** - A **supposititious child** refers to an infant that is fraudulently substituted for a legitimate heir or represented as one's own offspring, regardless of biological parentage. - This term is often found in historical or legal contexts where the authenticity of a child's parentage is questioned or fabricated. *Legitimate child* - A **legitimate child** is one born to parents who are legally married at the time of the child's birth or conception. - This term primarily defines the child's legal status within a family, implying acknowledged parentage and rights. *Posthumous child* - A **posthumous child** is a child born after the death of its father, or, less commonly, after the death of its mother, typically via Cesarean section. - This term specifically relates to the timing of birth in relation to a parent's death, not to falsified parentage. *Spurious child* - A **spurious child** historically referred to an illegitimate child, or a child born out of wedlock, without legal recognition of parentage. - While it implies a lack of proper legal parentage, it does not specifically denote a child who has been falsely claimed or replaced.

Practice by Chapter

Personal Identification Methods

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Anthropometry

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Dactylography (Fingerprinting)

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DNA Profiling

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Facial Reconstruction

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Superimposition Techniques

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Hair and Fiber Analysis

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Handwriting Analysis

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Identification of Remains

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Mass Disaster Victim Identification

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Age, Sex and Race Determination

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