Allergy and Immunotherapy — MCQs

Q: Which of the following signs is not typically seen in allergic rhinitis?

Koplik spots. ***Koplik spots*** - **Koplik spots** are pathognomonic for **measles (rubeola)**, appearing as small, white spots on the buccal mucosa. - They are a viral exanthem symptom and have no association with **allergic rhinitis**. *Dennie-Morgan lines* - **Dennie-Morgan lines** refer to extra folds of skin beneath the lower eyelid, often associated with a genetic predisposition to **atopy** and recurrent allergic conjunctivitis. - While not exclusive to allergic rhinitis, their presence indicates a heightened allergic tendency. *Allergic shiners* - **Allergic shiners** are dark, shadowy areas under the eyes, resulting from venous congestion secondary to chronic nasal obstruction and inflammation in allergic rhinitis. - This is a common physical sign reflecting the impact of allergic processes on facial vasculature. *Allergic salute* - An **allergic salute** is a characteristic upward rub of the nose with the palm of the hand, often seen in children to relieve nasal itching and clear mucus. - This action can lead to a visible crease across the bridge of the nose, known as the "allergic crease."

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Pathophysiology of Allergic Rhinitis

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Allergic Testing Methods

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Pharmacotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis

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Allergen Avoidance

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Subcutaneous Immunotherapy

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Sublingual Immunotherapy

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Non-allergic Rhinitis

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Complications of Immunotherapy

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Food Allergies and the Upper Aerodigestive Tract

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Anaphylaxis Management

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Angioedema

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Immune Deficiency and ENT Manifestations

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