Health Policy and Management — MCQs

Question 1: In which year was the Second National Family Health Survey conducted?

• A. 1992-93
• B. 1998-99 (Correct Answer)
• C. 2005-2006
• D. 2008-2009

Explanation: **Explanation:** The **National Family Health Survey (NFHS)** is a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India. It is the primary source of data on fertility, family planning, infant and child mortality, and maternal and child health. **Correct Option: B (1998-99)** The **NFHS-2** was conducted in 1998-99 across all 26 states of India. This round was significant as it expanded the scope of the survey to include information on the quality of health and family welfare services, nutritional status of women and children (including anemia), and issues related to domestic violence and women's autonomy. **Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **Option A (1992-93):** This marks the **NFHS-1**, the first survey in the series, which established the baseline for demographic and health indicators in India. * **Option C (2005-06):** This marks the **NFHS-3**. This round was notable for being the first to include testing for HIV prevalence and for including men in the survey sample. * **Option D (2008-09):** No NFHS was conducted during this period. The gap between NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 was unusually long (approximately 10 years). **High-Yield Facts for NEET-PG:** * **Nodal Agency:** The International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, serves as the nodal agency for all NFHS rounds. * **NFHS-4 (2015-16):** The first to provide **district-level estimates** and included blood pressure and blood glucose measurements. * **NFHS-5 (2019-21):** The most recent completed survey; it added data on expanded screening for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and child immunization. * **Current Status:** NFHS-6 fieldwork was initiated in 2023-24.