UPSC-CMS 2019 — Physiology

Q: Which one of the following is true about Basal body temperature? 1. Shows a biphasic pattern during menstrual cycle 2. Rises by 0.3-0.5°C after ovulation due to progesterone 3. Can be used to confirm that ovulation has occurred 4. Remains constant throughout the menstrual cycle Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1, 2 and 3. ***1, 2 and 3*** - Basal Body Temperature (BBT) exhibits a **biphasic pattern** during the menstrual cycle, with a lower temperature in the follicular phase (before ovulation) and a higher temperature in the luteal phase (after ovulation). - The rise in BBT of **0.3-0.5°C** following ovulation is a direct result of increased **progesterone** secretion from the corpus luteum, which has thermogenic properties. - BBT is a **retrospective indicator** that **confirms ovulation has occurred** by showing the sustained temperature elevation, making it useful for tracking ovulation patterns over time. *2, 3 and 4* - This option is incorrect because BBT does **not remain constant** throughout the menstrual cycle; it shows a characteristic **biphasic pattern** with lower temperatures before ovulation and higher temperatures after. *1, 3 and 4* - This option is incorrect because statement 4 is false - BBT does **not remain constant** but rather demonstrates a **biphasic shift** with a temperature rise after ovulation. *All of the above* - This option is incorrect because statement 4 is false - BBT shows a **biphasic pattern**, not a constant temperature throughout the cycle. [Practice more Physiology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which one of the following statements regarding Magnesium is NOT true?

Human adult body contains about 50 g of Magnesium. ***Human adult body contains about 50 g of Magnesium*** - The human adult body contains approximately **21-28 grams** (21000-28000 mg) of magnesium, making 50 grams an overestimation. - While magnesium is an abundant intracellular cation, 50 grams is significantly higher than the average physiological content. *It is essential for normal metabolism of calcium and potassium* - Magnesium plays a crucial role as a **cofactor** in many enzymatic reactions, including those involved in **calcium homeostasis** and **potassium transport** across cell membranes. - Adequate magnesium levels are necessary for the proper functioning of **parathyroid hormone (PTH)**, which regulates calcium and phosphate. *Daily requirement of magnesium is estimated to be about 340 mg/day for adults* - The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for magnesium in adult men is typically around **400-420 mg**, and for adult women, it's roughly **310-320 mg**. - A general estimate of 340 mg/day falls within the typical range of recommended daily intake for adults to maintain optimal health. *It is constituent of bones* - Approximately **50-60% of the body's total magnesium** is stored in the bones, contributing to their structural integrity. - It is present on the surface of **bone crystals** and plays an important role in bone metabolism and bone mineral density. [Practice more Physiology PYQs on OnCourse]

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Which one of the following is true about Basal body temperature? 1. Shows a biphasic pattern during menstrual cycle 2. Rises by 0.3-0.5°C after ovulation due to progesterone 3. Can be used to confirm that ovulation has occurred 4. Remains constant throughout the menstrual cycle Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which one of the following statements regarding Magnesium is NOT true?

UPSC-CMS 2019 - Physiology UPSC-CMS Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 1: Which one of the following is true about Basal body temperature? 1. Shows a biphasic pattern during menstrual cycle 2. Rises by 0.3-0.5°C after ovulation due to progesterone 3. Can be used to confirm that ovulation has occurred 4. Remains constant throughout the menstrual cycle Select the correct answer using the code given below:

A. 1, 2 and 3 (Correct Answer)
B. 2, 3 and 4
C. 1, 3 and 4
D. All of the above

Explanation: ***1, 2 and 3*** - Basal Body Temperature (BBT) exhibits a **biphasic pattern** during the menstrual cycle, with a lower temperature in the follicular phase (before ovulation) and a higher temperature in the luteal phase (after ovulation). - The rise in BBT of **0.3-0.5°C** following ovulation is a direct result of increased **progesterone** secretion from the corpus luteum, which has thermogenic properties. - BBT is a **retrospective indicator** that **confirms ovulation has occurred** by showing the sustained temperature elevation, making it useful for tracking ovulation patterns over time. *2, 3 and 4* - This option is incorrect because BBT does **not remain constant** throughout the menstrual cycle; it shows a characteristic **biphasic pattern** with lower temperatures before ovulation and higher temperatures after. *1, 3 and 4* - This option is incorrect because statement 4 is false - BBT does **not remain constant** but rather demonstrates a **biphasic shift** with a temperature rise after ovulation. *All of the above* - This option is incorrect because statement 4 is false - BBT shows a **biphasic pattern**, not a constant temperature throughout the cycle.

Question 2: Which one of the following statements regarding Magnesium is NOT true?

A. It is essential for normal metabolism of calcium and potassium
B. Daily requirement of magnesium is estimated to be about 340 mg/day for adults
C. Human adult body contains about 50 g of Magnesium (Correct Answer)
D. It is constituent of bones

Explanation: ***Human adult body contains about 50 g of Magnesium*** - The human adult body contains approximately **21-28 grams** (21000-28000 mg) of magnesium, making 50 grams an overestimation. - While magnesium is an abundant intracellular cation, 50 grams is significantly higher than the average physiological content. *It is essential for normal metabolism of calcium and potassium* - Magnesium plays a crucial role as a **cofactor** in many enzymatic reactions, including those involved in **calcium homeostasis** and **potassium transport** across cell membranes. - Adequate magnesium levels are necessary for the proper functioning of **parathyroid hormone (PTH)**, which regulates calcium and phosphate. *Daily requirement of magnesium is estimated to be about 340 mg/day for adults* - The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for magnesium in adult men is typically around **400-420 mg**, and for adult women, it's roughly **310-320 mg**. - A general estimate of 340 mg/day falls within the typical range of recommended daily intake for adults to maintain optimal health. *It is constituent of bones* - Approximately **50-60% of the body's total magnesium** is stored in the bones, contributing to their structural integrity. - It is present on the surface of **bone crystals** and plays an important role in bone metabolism and bone mineral density.