ATLS protocols — Flashcards
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Commotio cordis is ventricular fibrillation caused by _____
Patients with atlantoaxial instability can acutely present with neurological deficits due to _____ if their subluxation is worsened
Tension pneumothorax needs immediate needle decompression and _____ placement
Epidural hematoma may present on physical exam with _____ palsy
Is placement of a foley (urethral) catheter contraindicated in urethral injury? _____
A(n) _____ is indicated when an emergency airway is required or orotracheal / nasotracheal intubation is unsuccessful / contraindicated
Deep partial thickness burns involve which layers of the skin? _____
An entire abdomen burn is _____% of the body surface area
Superficial burns are _____ and painful
Hint: blanchable / not blanchable?
A(n) _____ sign of extremity vascular trauma includes expanding hematoma
ATLS protocols US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master ATLS protocols with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
ATLS protocols Flashcard Deck - 87 Cards
Flashcard 1: Commotio cordis is ventricular fibrillation caused by _____
Answer: blunt cardiac injury
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 2: Patients with atlantoaxial instability can acutely present with neurological deficits due to _____ if their subluxation is worsened
Answer: spinal cord compression
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/back?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 3: Tension pneumothorax needs immediate needle decompression and _____ placement
Answer: chest tube
Extra: Watch Pneumothorax [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-acute-lung-disorders-pneumothorax?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-special-topics?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary-hypertension?ref=anki
Flashcard 4: Epidural hematoma may present on physical exam with _____ palsy
Answer: CN III
Extra: Watch Epidural Hematoma, Subdural Hematoma, & Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-cerebrovascular-epidural-hematoma-subdural-hematoma-and-subarachnoid-hemorrhage?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/aneurysms-and-intracranial-hemorrhage?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 5: Is placement of a foley (urethral) catheter contraindicated in urethral injury? _____
Answer: Relatively contraindicated
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/musculoskeletal/videos/high-yield-step-1-anatomy?index=43] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: A(n) _____ is indicated when an emergency airway is required or orotracheal / nasotracheal intubation is unsuccessful / contraindicated
Answer: cricothyrotomy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 7: Deep partial thickness burns involve which layers of the skin? _____
Answer: Epidermis, Superficial Dermis, Deep Dermis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/additional-dermatologic-disorders?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: An entire abdomen burn is _____% of the body surface area
Answer: 18
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/additional-dermatologic-disorders?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: Superficial burns are _____ and painful
Answer: blanchable
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/additional-dermatologic-disorders?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: A(n) _____ sign of extremity vascular trauma includes expanding hematoma
Answer: hard
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: What urine output should be targeted in adults vs. kids with burns? _____
Answer: 0.5 vs. 2-4 mL/kg/kh
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: Rectal injury in pelvic fracture. Next step? _____
Answer: Proctoscope
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: What is the next step in management for a patient with a gunshot wound in the thigh and diminished distal pulses? _____
Answer: Duplex ultrasound and CT angiography
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: If intubation cannot be done due to laryngospasms, severe maxillofacial injuries or impacted foreign bodies, what procedure do you do? _____
Answer: Cricothyroidotomy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: Do you need to secure an airway if pt is conscious and speaking? _____ What could cause someone to lose an airway quickly? _____
Answer: No, there is already an airway
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: Why is needle thoracostomy performed before intubation in tension pneumothorax? _____
Answer: Positive-pressure ventilation rapidly increases accumulated air and intrathoracic pressure → exacerbates TP → cardiovascular collapse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: In a patient who is unresponsive, the _____ may fall back and the pharyngeal muscles may collapse, causing airway obstruction
Answer: tongue
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: Gunshot wounds below the nipple (T4) = _____
Answer: ex lap (surgery)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: After treatment of limb injuries, what is the management of a patient who has experienced a fall from height? _____
Answer: X-ray of the spine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: Football player involved in a hard tackle, wobbly but no LOC; normal exam with no focial deficits -- next steps? _____
Answer: Mild concussion → remove from the game, no imaging needed
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/preventable-trauma/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: Unstable pneumothorax or hemothorax is managed with _____
Answer: needle / thoracostomy (chest tube)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: If you need to secure an airway in pt with potential cervical spine injury, which do you address first? _____
Answer: Airway has to be secured before dealing with the cervical spine injury
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: Trauma: Unconscious patient GCS < 8 Stridor Expanding mass in lateral neck → _____
Answer: intubate
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: Cardiac injury - imaging? Stable patient = _____ Unstable patient = FAST
Answer: CT scan
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: What is the next step in management of caustic ingestion, after airway, breathing, and circulation have been assessed? _____
Answer: Decontamination (e.g. remove contaminated clothing, irrigate exposed skin)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Maintain airway and no facial trauma is managed with _____
Answer: endotracheal tube
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: What is done 1st in burn pts who have signs of thermal injury to upper airway and/or smoke inhalation injury to the lungs? _____
Answer: Endotracheal intubation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: What is the first step in the management of a burn patient? _____
Answer: Airway
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: Which imaging procedure is used to diagnose bladder injury following pelvic trauma? _____
Answer: Retrograde cystogram and post-void films
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: What are the ABCs in trauma assessment? _____
Answer: Airway, Breathing, Circulation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: What are the most important early steps for managing flail chest? (2) _____
Answer: Pain control Supplemental O2
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/chest/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: straddle injury → blood at urethral meatus and scrotal hematoma = _____ urethral injury pelvic fracture → blood at urethral meatus and high-riding prostate = _____ urethral injury
Answer: anterior
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: What is the preferred route of intubation in a cervical spine trauma patient without significant facial trauma? _____
Answer: Orotracheal intubation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: What are "hard signs" of arterial injury? (4) _____
Answer: Distal limb ischemia Absent distal pulses Active hemorrhage/rapidly expanding hematoma Bruit or thrill at site of injury
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: Treatment of pneumothorax is _____
Answer: thoracostomy (chest tube to drain air)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/chest/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: Penetrating trauma and hemodynamic instability / rebound tenderness / evisceration / blood from NG tube / rectum is managed with _____
Answer: ex-lap
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: Blunt Abdominal Trauma Assessment: 1) Stable? _____ 2) Unstable? _____ 3) If (2) is inconclusive? _____ 4) If (2) is (+)? _____ 5) If (2) is not available? _____
Answer: CT scan
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: _____; must check the cervical spine with CT scan
Answer: Basilar Skull Fracture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/head/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: Central venous catheter placement should always be followed by a(n) _____
Answer: X-ray
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: What device is mandatory to help secure an airway if there is subcutaneous emphysema in the neck? _____
Answer: Fiberoptic bronchoscope
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 41: A(n) _____ chest wound involves a flap that sucks air in upon inspiration but closes during expiration
Answer: sucking
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/chest/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: A(n) _____ sign of extremity vascular trauma includes bony injury
Answer: soft
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 43: The presence of a single vertebral fracture in a patient with blunt trauma is an indication to image the _____
Answer: entire spine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 44: What is the temporary treatment for open pneumothorax? _____
Answer: Partially occlusive dressing
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/chest/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: A(n) _____ is an airway instrument used for subcutaneous emphysema of the neck as it allows for visualization of the airway
Answer: fiberoptic bronchoscope
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: _____
Answer: D
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: What is the most common way to insert an "airway"? _____ What if patient has cervical spine injury? _____
Answer: Orotracheal intubation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 48: Imaging technique for evaluating neck trauma? _____
Answer: CT angiography (evaluate vessels)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/neck/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 49: The Parkland formula is an estimate of the total fluid requirement in the first 24 hours for burn victims and is calculated as total fluids = _____
Answer: 4 mL * TBSA% x body weight (kg)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/burns/acquire?ref=anki Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) may be estimated using the imaging below (rule of 9)
Flashcard 50: The Parkland formula is an estimate of the total fluid requirement in the first 24 hours for burn victims and is calculated as total fluids = _____
Answer:
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/burns/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: What is the recommended method of airway management in an unconscious patient with impaired respiratory status and suspected cervical fractures? _____
Answer: Rapid sequence intubation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: What is management of any penetrating wound below 4th intercostal space (level of nipples) in an intoxicated pt? _____
Answer: Ex-lap
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: Hypovolemic shock 2/2 hemorrhage and blood at urethral meatus - which one to fix first? _____
Answer: Shock: with IVF → blood transfusion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 54: What is the best next step in management of a patient with blunt cardiac injury? (2) _____
Answer: Continuous cardiac monitoring (24-48 hours) Transesophageal echocardiography
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: Hemodynamically unstable patients with evidence of renal trauma should undergo _____ prior to surgical evaluation
Answer: IV pyelography
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 56: In the absence of an obvious wound, open globe laceration may be inferred by _____
Answer: a peaked or teardrop pupil
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: Expanding hematoma or emphysema in neck → _____
Answer: intubation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: What is the management for grade I splenic injury in a stable patient? _____
Answer: Conservative management
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 59: A(n) _____ sign of extremity vascular trauma includes absent distal pulses
Answer: hard
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 60: Epiglottitis and respiratory failure is managed with bag-valve mask ventilation with 100% oxygen → endotracheal intubation w/laryngoscope → _____
Answer: cricothyrotomy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: Burn victims with oropharyngeal inflammation/blistering or carboxyhemoglobin levels > _____ should be intubated to prevent upper airway obstruction by edema
Answer: 10%
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: Treatment of tension pneumothorax is _____
Answer: needle decompression → thoracostomy (chest tube)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 63: What is the management in acute traumatic coagulopathy? _____
Answer: 1:1:1 ratio of packed RBCs, fresh frozen plasma, and platelets
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: What is the underlying cause, imaging, and treatment of hemorrhagic shock in a patient with decreased breath sounds, tracheal deviation, and dullness to percussion? _____
Answer: Hemothorax; X-ray; Thoracostomy (chest tube)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology/pleural-effusion/acquire?ref=anki - Findings are due to buildup of blood - Each hemithorax is capable of holding up to 50% of circulating blood volume!
Flashcard 65: Gunshot wounds below the nipple (T4) and peritoneal signs = _____
Answer: ex lap (surgery)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 66: After initial stabilization, burn patients who require aggressive fluid resuscitation should undergo _____ ASAP
Answer: urethral catheterization
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/burns/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 67: Facial fractures and closed head injuries should always prompt evaluation of the _____
Answer: cervical spine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 68: What is the first thing you do in a trauma setting? _____
Answer: ABCS → airway, breathing, circulation, shock
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: _____ injury is never a source of hypovolemic shock
Answer: Closed-head
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: What is the first line imaging for Zone 1 and 3 neck trauma injury? _____
Answer: Angiography
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 71: Patient losing airway due to neck hematoma → _____
Answer: re-open wound
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: If there are no soft or hard signs in a penetrating neck injury, what do you do? _____
Answer: Observe
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/neck/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 73: What is one possible adverse effect of fluid resuscitation in a patient presenting with blunt head trauma? _____
Answer: Increases the rate of epidural hematoma expansion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/neuro-brain-bleeds/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 74: What is the initial management for a tension pneumothorax in a hemodynamically unstable patient? _____
Answer: Needle decompression → tube thoracostomy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: Imaging technique for evaluating neck trauma when there are no hard signs? _____
Answer: CT angiography (evaluate vessels)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/neck/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: What is the next step in management for a patient with penetrating abdominal trauma without peritonitis, evisceration, and hemodynamic instability? _____
Answer: CT
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: If blood is seen at a patients _____, you should suspect a urethral injury
Answer: urethral meatus
Flashcard 78: A _____ is indicated when an emergency airway is required or orotracheal / nasotracheal intubation is unsuccessful / contraindicated
Answer: cricothyrotomy
Flashcard 79: Is placement of a foley (urethral) catheter contraindicated in urethral injury?_____
Answer: Relatively contraindicated
Flashcard 80: An entire leg burn is _____% of the body surface area.
Answer: 18
Flashcard 81: Which intracranial hemorrhage more commonly causes a midline shift? _____
Answer: Subdural hematoma
Flashcard 82: An entire arm burn is _____% of the body surface area.
Answer: 9
Flashcard 83: Astigmatism is corrected with _____ lenses
Answer: cylindrical
Flashcard 84: An entire abdomen burn is _____% of the body surface area.
Answer: 18
Flashcard 85: An entire torso burn is _____% of the body surface area.
Answer: 18
Flashcard 86: A perineum burn is _____% of the body surface area.
Answer: 1
Flashcard 87: Tension pneumothorax needs immediate needle decompression and _____ placement
Answer: chest tube
Keywords: ATLS protocols flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Primary survey (ABCDE)
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Airway management in trauma
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Breathing assessment and management
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Circulation assessment and hemorrhage control
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Disability assessment (neurological status)
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Exposure and environmental control
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Secondary survey principles
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Trauma imaging principles
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Trauma team organization
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Mass casualty triage
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Trauma in special populations (pediatric, geriatric)
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Trauma scoring systems
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Trauma quality improvement
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