Infectious Disease — Flashcards
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The measles rash starts on the _____ and moves _____-wards
What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with fever and signs of heart failure ~1 week after an URI? _____
Narrowing of the _____ and _____ region produces the "steeple sign" on CXR of croup (parainfluenza virus)
Which demographic is commonly associated with Yersinia enterocolitica? _____
Roseola is a DNA virus that presents with a rash that starts on the _____ and moves _____-wards
Acute epiglottitis may present with muffled voice and inspiratory _____
Retropharyngeal abscesses most commonly affect _____
Does the rash of Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus) affect the face? _____
Does poliomyelitis present with symmetric or asymmetric weakness? _____
What can result from aspirin use in children with a viral illness? _____
Infectious Disease US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Infectious Disease with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Infectious Disease Flashcard Deck - 340 Cards
Flashcard 1: The measles rash starts on the _____ and moves _____-wards
Answer: face
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 2: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with fever and signs of heart failure ~1 week after an URI? _____
Answer: Viral myocarditis
Extra: * preceded by ~1 week of flu-like symptoms Watch Myocarditis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac/videos/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac-myocardial-and-pericardial-disorders-myocarditis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac?ref=anki
Flashcard 3: Narrowing of the _____ and _____ region produces the "steeple sign" on CXR of croup (parainfluenza virus)
Answer: trachea
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-fundamentals?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 4: Which demographic is commonly associated with Yersinia enterocolitica? _____
Answer: Toddlers
Extra: Watch Yersinia enterocolitica & pestis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-enteric-tract-yersinia-enterocolitica-and-pestis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 5: Roseola is a DNA virus that presents with a rash that starts on the _____ and moves _____-wards
Answer: neck/trunk
Extra: Watch HHV 6, roseola (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-hhv-6-roseola-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: Acute epiglottitis may present with muffled voice and inspiratory _____
Answer: stridor
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-fundamentals?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki the presence of drooling helps differentiate epiglottitis from laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
Flashcard 7: Retropharyngeal abscesses most commonly affect _____
Answer: children
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: Does the rash of Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus) affect the face? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: Does poliomyelitis present with symmetric or asymmetric weakness? _____
Answer: Asymmetric
Extra: Watch Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) & Friedreich Ataxia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-spinal-cord-and-peripheral-nerve-spinal-muscular-atrophy-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-als-and-friedreich-ataxia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/invasive-spinal-cord-disease?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neuroscience/spinal-cord-lesions/acquire?ref=anki Atlas: Other:
Flashcard 10: What can result from aspirin use in children with a viral illness? _____
Answer: Reye syndrome
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/vasculitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: What demographic is hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) most common in? _____
Answer: Children < 10 y.o.
Extra: Watch Shigella spp. [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-enteric-tract-shigella-spp?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/platelets?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/hemostasis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: Patients with β-thalassemia major are at risk of aplastic crisis with _____ infection of erythroid precursors
Answer: parvovirus B19
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cirrhosis-iii-acute-decompensation?ref=anki Atlas: Other:
Flashcard 13: Rotavirus infection commonly occurs during the _____ months
Answer: winter
Extra: Watch Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus (Reoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-rotavirus-colorado-tick-fever-virus-reoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: The fever of Roseola is _____
Answer: very high (> 104)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: Which demographic can commonly display anicteric hepatitis A infection? _____
Answer: Young children and infants
Extra: Watch Hepatitis A virus (PicoRNAviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-positive-sense-hepatitis-a-virus-picornaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/hepatic-pathology?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/viral-hepatitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura commonly follows _____ infection
Answer: viral
Extra: Watch Quantitative Platelet Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-blood-coagulation/videos/medical-pathophysiology-blood-and-coagulation-coagulopathies-and-platelet-disorders-quantitative-platelet-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/platelets?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/hemostasis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: Which cause of pharyngitis is more commonly seen in children and adolescents? _____
Answer: Strep pyogenes (GAS)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: _____ is a positive sense RNA virus that presents with a rash that starts on the face and moves down-wards
Answer: Rubella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: Poliomyelitis presents with _____-lateral asymmetric weakness
Answer: bi
Extra: * polio leads to Watch Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) & Friedreich Ataxia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-spinal-cord-and-peripheral-nerve-spinal-muscular-atrophy-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-als-and-friedreich-ataxia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/invasive-spinal-cord-disease?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neuroscience/spinal-cord-lesions/acquire?ref=anki Atlas: Other:
Flashcard 20: A(n) _____ develops 1-2 days following the prodromal symptoms of measles
Answer: maculopapular rash
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: While diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is usually seen in older adults, _____% of cases occur in children
Answer: 20
Extra: Watch Non Hodgkin Lymphoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-non-hodgkin-lymphoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/leukemias-and-lymphomas?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/lymphoma/acquire?ref=anki Other:
Flashcard 22: Nonspecific symptoms of Chickenpox caused by VZV include headache and _____
Answer: fever
Extra: Watch Varicella zoster virus (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-varicella-zoster-virus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/infectious-diseases-of-the-skin?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: The rash of roseola infection develops _____ the fever
Answer: after
Extra: Watch HHV 6, roseola (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-hhv-6-roseola-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: The Chickenpox rash is said to have a "_____" appearance
Answer: dew drops on a rose
Extra: Watch Varicella zoster virus (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-varicella-zoster-virus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/infectious-diseases-of-the-skin?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: When treating febrile seizures, is supportive care or active cooling primarily indicated? _____
Answer: Supportive care
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: _____ viral lesions are superficial
Answer: Chickenpox
Extra: Watch Smallpox virus, Cowpox virus, Molluscum contagiosum virus (Poxviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-smallpox-virus-cowpox-virus-molluscum-contagiosum-virus-poxviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: Haemophilus influenzae infection consequences can be remembered by the mnemonic hAEMOPhilus: Arthritis (septic) E_____ Meningitis (type B) Otitis media Pneumonia
Answer: piglottitis (cherry red appearance)
Extra: Watch Haemophilus influenzae [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-respiratory-tract-haemophilus-influenzae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: Oral candidiasis is seen in the immuno-_____ or those using oral _____
Answer: compromised
Extra: Watch Candida albicans [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-candida-albicans?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: Does the rash of Scarlet fever affect the face? _____
Answer: Yes***
Extra: Watch HHV 6, roseola (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-hhv-6-roseola-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: Most cases of primary tuberculosis occur in _____ and the immunocompromised
Answer: children
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: Koplik spots are bright red spots with a(n) _____ center on _____ mucosa
Answer: blue-white
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: Reye syndrome can present with _____ failure and _____
Answer: liver
Extra: Watch Influenzavirus (Orthomyxoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-influenzavirus-orthomyxoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/vasculitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: The acute form of ITP commonly arises in _____ weeks after a viral infection or immunization
Answer: children
Extra: Watch Quantitative Platelet Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-blood-coagulation/videos/medical-pathophysiology-blood-and-coagulation-coagulopathies-and-platelet-disorders-quantitative-platelet-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/platelets?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/hemostasis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: _____ is a DNA virus that presents with a rash that starts on the face and moves down-wards
Answer: Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: _____ can result in viral gastroenteritis and ultimately intussusception of the bowel
Answer: Adenovirus
Extra: Watch Adenovirus (Adenoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-adenovirus-adenoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/vaccinations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants? _____
Answer: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: What is a possible viral cause of orchitis in teenage males? _____
Answer: Mumps virus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: What are the three stages of Bordetella pertussis infection? _____ Paroxysmal Convalescent
Answer: Catarrhal
Extra: Watch Bordetella pertussis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-respiratory-tract-bordetella-pertussis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: Coxsackievirus infection commonly occurs during the _____ months
Answer: summer
Extra: Watch Coxsackievirus A & B (PicoRNAviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-positive-sense-coxsackievirus-a-and-b-picornaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: Lesions of Chickenpox (VZV) will be in _____ stages of healing
Answer: different
Extra: Watch Varicella zoster virus (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-varicella-zoster-virus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/infectious-diseases-of-the-skin?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 41: Severe, permanent symptoms of congenital _____ infection are remembered via the mnemonic MR DICS
Answer: CMV
Extra: Watch Cytomegalovirus (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-cytomegalovirus-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: What is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children? _____
Answer: Rhabomyosarcoma
Extra: Watch Vulvar & Vaginal Lesions [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-uterine-and-vulvovaginal-disorders-vulvar-and-vaginal-lesions?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/general-physiology/skeletal-muscle/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 43: What demographic is most commonly associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? _____
Answer: Children
Extra: Watch Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Hairy Cell Leukemia & Adult T cell Leukemia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-all-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia-cll-hairy-cell-leukemia-and-adult-t-cell-leukemia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/leukemias-and-lymphomas?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/leukemia/acquire?ref=anki Other: versus AML, which typically arises in older adults
Flashcard 44: Which RNA virus presents with rash of 3-days duration? _____
Answer: Rubella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: Does the rash of Rubella affect the face? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: The fever of Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus) is _____
Answer: mild
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: What demographic is associated with infectious mononucleosis due to EBV infection? _____
Answer: Teenagers
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/leukemia/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 48: What are the 4 C's of Measles? _____ Coryza (runny/stuffy nose due to inflammation) Conjunctivitis Koplik spots
Answer: Cough
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 49: Laryngeal papillomas are usually _____ lesions in children
Answer: multiple
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 50: What demographic is at high risk of rotavirus infection? _____
Answer: Children
Extra: Watch Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus (Reoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-rotavirus-colorado-tick-fever-virus-reoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: Which childhood exanthem (rash) arises from herpesviruses? _____
Answer: Roseola (exanthem subitum)
Extra: Watch HHV 6, roseola (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-hhv-6-roseola-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: Does the rash of Rubeola (measles) affect the face? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: Palivizumab is used as RSV pneumonia prophylaxis in _____
Answer: premature infants
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 54: _____ is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in infants
Answer: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: Tinea capitis affects the _____ and _____
Answer: head
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 56: What is a respiratory complication of measles (rubeola)? _____
Answer: Giant cell pneumonia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: _____ seizures are the most common neurological disorder affecting children
Answer: Febrile
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: Which childhood exanthem is known as third disease? _____
Answer: Rubella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 59: Dactinomycin is used to treat for numerous malignancies that affect the _____ age group
Answer: pediatric
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 60: The classic clinical triad of Henoch-Schonlein purpura is _____ on the buttocks and legs, arthralgias, and abdominal pain
Answer: palpable purpura
Extra: Hematuria is from IgA nephropathy Watch Small Vessel Vasculitides [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-vasculitides-small-vessel-vasculitides?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/vascular/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: The fever of Roseola lasts _____
Answer: 3 - 5 days
Extra: Watch HHV 6, roseola (Herpesviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-dna-viruses-hhv-6-roseola-herpesviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: Which childhood exanthem is known as first disease? _____
Answer: Rubeola (measles)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 63: What are two complications of chickenpox that more commonly present in adults? _____
Answer: Pneumonia and Encephalitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: What virus commonly results in Koplik spots? _____
Answer: Measles
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 65: Asthma most commonly presents in _____
Answer: childhood
Extra: Watch Asthma & Bronchiectasis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-obstructive-lung-disease-asthma-and-bronchiectasis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/obstructive-lung-disease?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology/asthma/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 66: What demographic is more commonly associated with PSGN? _____
Answer: Children
Extra: Watch Nephritic Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-glomerulopathy-nephritic-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/nephritic-syndromes?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal/nephritic-syndrome/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 67: Rotavirus causes villous destruction and atrophy, resulting in decreased serum _____ and _____
Answer: Na+
Extra: Watch Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus (Reoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-rotavirus-colorado-tick-fever-virus-reoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 68: What type of rash is seen in hand-foot-and-mouth disease? _____
Answer: Red, vesicular rash
Extra: Watch Coxsackievirus A & B (PicoRNAviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-positive-sense-coxsackievirus-a-and-b-picornaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: What is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children? _____
Answer: Rotavirus
Extra: Watch Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus (Reoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-rotavirus-colorado-tick-fever-virus-reoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: Congenital Syphilis is characterized by _____ teeth, or notched-incisors
Answer: Hutchinson's
Extra: Watch Treponema pallidum [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-spirochetes-treponema-pallidum?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 71: The rash of erythema infectiosum develops _____ the fever
Answer: after
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: The rash of Erythema infectiosum is said to have a red, "_____" appearance
Answer: lacy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/dna-viruses/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 73: Scarlet fever can present with a red, swollen, "_____" tongue, pharyngitis, and a diffuse, "sandpaper-like" rash that spares the face
Answer: strawberry
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/vasculitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 74: Roseola affects children _____ months old
Answer: 6 - 24
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: What is used for prevention of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in premature infants? _____
Answer: Palivizumab
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of _____ in children
Answer: otitis media
Extra: Watch Haemophilus influenzae [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-respiratory-tract-haemophilus-influenzae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: A retropharyngeal abscess commonly presents with fever, _____ pain, drooling, and cervical lymphadenopathy
Answer: neck
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 78: Intussusception results in compromised blood supply, which causes intermittent abdominal pain with "_____" stool
Answer: currant jelly
Extra: Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/intestinal-pathology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 79: Accidents are the _____ leading cause of death in children
Answer: 1st
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 80: What is the treatment for rotavirus? _____
Answer: Oral rehydration therapy
Extra: Watch Rotavirus, Colorado tick fever virus (Reoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-rotavirus-colorado-tick-fever-virus-reoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 81: Which stage of Bordetella pertussis infection is characterized by whooping cough and post-tussive vomiting? _____
Answer: Paroxysmal
Extra: Watch Bordetella pertussis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-gram-negative-bacilli-respiratory-tract-bordetella-pertussis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 82: Which bacteria classically causes epiglottitis? _____
Answer: Haemophilus influenzae
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 83: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome classically follows after DIC in young children with _____ infection
Answer: N. meningitidis
Extra: Watch Adrenal Insufficiency [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-adrenal-insufficiency?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 84: PTLD most commonly occurs in what age group? _____
Answer: Children
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 85: Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis is a childhood arthritis seen in patients younger than _____ old
Answer: 16 years
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 86: What demographic is most susceptible to viral (aseptic) meningitis caused by enteroviruses? _____
Answer: Children
Extra: Watch PicoRNAviridae overview [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-positive-sense-picornaviridae-overview?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 87: Evidence of sexual abuse includes _____ and sexually transmitted infections
Answer: urinary tract
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/psychiatry/videos/developmental-disorders?index=12] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/child-abuse/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 88: What are the common risk factors for developing a brain abscess in a child? (5) _____
Answer: Otitis media Mastoiditis Dental infection Sinusitis Cyanotic heart disease
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 89: Following splenectomy, should an child receive daily antibiotic prophylaxis? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 90: Centor criteria is appropriate for all ages _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 91: Hand, foot, and mouth disease, caused by the Coxackie A virus, can manifest as herpangina (multiple small vesicles) in the _____ pharynx
Answer: posterior
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 92: What is the most common bacterial infection in febrile infants? _____
Answer: UTIs
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 93: Child tugging at a painful ear for the last day; low-grade fever, erythema, bulging membrane, loss of light reflex; immobile tympanic membrane on pneumatic insufflation? _____
Answer: Acute otitis media → observation or amoxicillin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 94: Infant pneumonia with "staccato cough" = _____
Answer: chlamydia trachomatis (D-K)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 95: < 2 yo in the winter with initial URI symptoms (fever, stuffy nose) followed by wheezing and cough is suggestive of _____
Answer: bronchiolitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 96: What is the next step in management of a child after a febrile seizure with no neurologic abnormalities? _____
Answer: Supportive care and reassurance
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 97: What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of viral diarrhea? _____
Answer: Hand washing
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/acute-diarrhea/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 98: What is the treatment of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)? Mild croup → _____ Moderate croup (stridor at rest) → _____
Answer: cool mist and steroids
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 99: Child with over a week of rhinorrhea, initially seemed to improve but now worsening; purulent discharge bilaterally, febrile, facial tenderness? _____ _____
Answer: Cold → Superinfection → Bacterial sinusitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 100: Child with sore throat; presumed to have croup but not responding to racemic epinephrine? _____
Answer: Bacterial tracheitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 101: _____ is a viral respiratory infection caused by parainfluenzavirus that involves a seal-like barking cough
Answer: Croup
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 102: Pediatric vaginal discharge is usually _____
Answer: foreign body
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 103: Infant with itchy, scaly, erythematous lesions on the face, scalp, trunk, and extensor surfaces = _____
Answer: atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/eczematous-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 104: Child with suspected renal abscess = _____
Answer: renal/bladder ultrasound
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 105: Child presents with fever that later develops red rash on the face that spreads to the body: _____
Answer: Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 106: What is the next step in management for a child with suspected immune thrombocytopenia that presents with mucosal bleeding? _____
Answer: Corticosteroids → IVIG
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/thrombocytopenia/acquire?ref=anki no bleeding = observe bleeding = treat
Flashcard 107: What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in both infants and children? _____
Answer: Staphylococcus aureus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 108: What is the likely diagnosis in a child staying in a refugee camp that presents with inflammation and thickening of the tarsal conjunctivae bilaterally? _____
Answer: Trachoma
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 109: What is the next step in management for a child with suspected minimal change disease? _____
Answer: Corticosteroids
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 110: Drooling and ulcer formation in a child = _____
Answer: drain cleaner (caustic agent)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki - alkaline chemical → liquefactive necrosis → more damage (ulceration) - bleach has a neutral pH and therefore doesn't do that much damage!
Flashcard 111: Simple febrile seizures → _____
Answer: acetaminophen
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 112: Bulging fontanelle in an irritable baby is suggestive of _____
Answer: meningitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 113: Patient presents with a strawberry tongue: _____
Answer: Scarlet fever OR Kawasaki disease
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 114: Child with history of URI, presenting with: palpable purpura on the buttocks and legs arthralgias (joint pain) scrotal pain abdominal pain and melena (blood in stools) hematuria _____
Answer: Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 115: What pathogens are the most common cause of acute, unilateral lymphadenitis in children? (2) _____
Answer: Staphylococcus aureus > Streptococcus pyogenes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 116: Below is a patient with _____
Answer: erythema infectiosum (Parvovirus B19)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 117: _____ includes a high fever followed by a diffuse macular rash that spares the face
Answer: Roseola (HHV6)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 118: Myringotomy with tympanostomy tube placement should be considered in children with > _____ episodes of acute otitis media in 6 months or > _____ episodes in 12 months
Answer: 3
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 119: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that notices multiple, pruritic hypopigmented skin lesions on the face and trunk after beginning summer camp? _____
Answer: Tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/papulosquamous/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 120: Upper airway infections that present with drooling and "hot-potato" muffled voice? _____
Answer: Epiglottitis Retropharyngeal abscess Peritonsillar abscess
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 121: _____ is hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsils and is the most common cause of nasal obstruction in children
Answer: Adenoid hypertrophy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 122: "Slapped-cheek" rash in children = _____
Answer: parvovirus (B19)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 123: What is the most common cause of sepsis in patients with sickle cell disease despite vaccination? _____
Answer: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 124: Tympanocentesis and culture during tympanostomy tube placement should be considered for acute otitis media when: - There are _____ - There are persistent middle ear effusion with hearing loss (>3 months)
Answer: multiple episodes (>3 episodes in 6 months)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 125: _____ febrile seizures have the following: - Generalized (bilateral upper/lower extremities) - <15 mins - Single episode in 24h
Answer: Simple
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 126: Prenatal _____ infections are often associated with cerebral palsy
Answer: TORCH
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 127: The treatment for chickenpox includes _____ and acyclovir if immunosuppressed.
Answer: topical ointments for pruritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 128: Inspiratory stridor = _____
Answer: croup
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 129: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with an inability to extend the neck due to neck stiffness with a widened prevertebral space on X-ray after having fever and sore throat for one week? _____
Answer: Retropharyngeal abscess
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 130: Child with 3 days of rhinorrhea; afebrile, no lymphadenopathy, clear, non-purulent discharge, no facial tenderness? _____
Answer: Viral cold → reassurance/supportive care
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 131: Bronchiolitis presents with _____ rather than stridor
Answer: wheezing/crackles
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 132: What is a complication of roseola? _____
Answer: Extreme spiking in the prodrome that may cause febrile seizures
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 133: Indications for neuroimaging in a child with headache: - history of _____ - presence of numbness, tingling, or focal neurologic signs - history of headache that causes awakening from sleep - history of increasing headache frequency
Answer: coordination difficulties
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 134: What CXR finding is characteristic of epiglottitis? _____
Answer: "Thumbprint sign" (enlarged epiglottis)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 135: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with scattered petechiae with isolated thrombocytopenia and enlarged platelets following a viral infection? _____
Answer: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/thrombocytopenia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 136: Measles virus (rubeola) is characterized by a prodrome of cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and koplik spots, followed by a maculopapular rash that spreads in a(n) _____ pattern
Answer: cephalocaudal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki The best prevention is with the MMR vaccine, which is typically given at age 1 and 4
Flashcard 137: 3 yo recent immigrant acutely ill; sitting up and leaning forward, drooling, toxic appearing: _____
Answer: Epiglottitis → prepare for intubation in the OR
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 138: Likely organism in a child with rapid-onset high fever, gastroenteritis and mucoid-bloody diarrhea +/- seizures = _____
Answer: Shigella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 139: Unilateral, purulent rhinorrhea in a young child is often due to a(n) _____
Answer: retained intranasal foreign body
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 140: - Catarrhal: vague non-specific infectious → rhinorrhea and low-grade fever - Paroxysmal: coughing spells interspersed with inspiratory "whoop" - Resolution _____
Answer: Pertussis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/vaccinations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 141: What is the best initial test for chronic otitis media w/ effusion? _____
Answer: Pneumatic otoscopy (to assess the tympanic membrane)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 142: What is first-line treatment for UTI in children? _____
Answer: 3rd-gen cephalosporins (e.g. cefotaxime)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 143: Child with sore throat and pain with swallowing is suggestive of _____
Answer: pharyngitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 144: Child post-group A strep infection who develops OCD / tic disorder is suggestive of _____
Answer: PANDAS
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 145: What is the treatment for otitis media with effusion? _____
Answer: Observation and follow-up for resolution
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 146: _____ = bacteremia that seeds the bone (esp. metaphysis in children) _____ = infection of the joint
Answer: Osteomyelitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/monoarticuloarthropathy/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 147: What is the likely diagnosis in a child with recent acute otitis media that presents with fever, otalgia, and displacement of the ear? _____
Answer: Mastoiditis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 148: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with injection and granular appearance of the tarsal conjunctivae unilaterally? _____
Answer: Viral conjuctivitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 149: Most common laryngeal cancer in kids with stridor: _____
Answer: Laryngeal papilloma with stridor or cough
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 150: Rubella (German measles) is characterized by a prodrome of mild fever and posterior auricular lymphadenopathy followed by a maculopapular rash that spreads in a(n) _____ pattern
Answer: cephalocaudal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 151: _____ should be suspected in children with acute onset of fever and joint pain and swelling
Answer: Septic arthritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/monoarticuloarthropathy/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 152: Oral _____ or _____ are indicated for recurrent acute otitis media (within 30 days) despite amoxicillin therapy
Answer: amoxicillin-clavulanate
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 153: In addition to food ingestion, infants may also acquire infant botulism through the inhalation of _____
Answer: environmental dust
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 154: What is the most common cause for premenstrual vaginal bleeding? _____
Answer: Foreign body
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 155: (+) VUR grades 1-3 in children < 5 y.o. is managed with _____
Answer: prophylatic antibiotics
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 156: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that develops a blanching maculopapular rash after four days of a high fever? _____
Answer: Roseola (HHV-6 infection)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 157: Narrowing of the proximal trachea → barky cough and inspiratory stridor is suggestive of _____
Answer: croup
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 158: What is the treatment for bronchiolitis? _____
Answer: Supportive (oxygen, IVF)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 159: _____ includes a high fever followed by a diffuse macular rash on trunk/arms
Answer: Roseola (HHV6)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 160: (-) rapid strep in child/adolescent → _____
Answer: culture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 161: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with hip pain and limp several days after a viral URI with normal physical exam, laboratory studies, and X-ray? _____
Answer: Transient synovitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/orthopedics/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 162: A young child with red, tender, and fluctuant mass approximately 2cm in diameter on the left anterior cervical chain is suggestive of _____
Answer: unilateral cervical lymphadenitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 163: What are complications of bronchiolitis? (2) _____
Answer: Apnea Respiratory failure
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 164: Indications for a contrast voiding cysturethrogram (VCUG) in a child with a urinary tract infection is: 1. Children with _____ episodes of febrile UTIs 2. A child with a first febrile UTI and any of the following: a. Renal anomaly detected on U/S b. Fever >102.2 and a pathogen other than E. coli
Answer: >2
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 165: _____ rhinitis is an upper airway pathology that occurs in patients <20 years old
Answer: Allergic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 166: Older child/teenager with recurrent sinopulmonary infections with low levels of all immunoglobulins is suggestive of _____
Answer: CVID
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 167: Toxic-appearing child that is febrile, drooling, and tripoding? _____
Answer: Epiglottitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 168: What is the next step in management for a child that presents with fever, pharyngitis with tonsillar exudates, and tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy? _____
Answer: Rapid streptococcal antigen testing
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 169: What is the diagnosis in patient with anal itching worse at night? _____
Answer: Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 170: What eye pathology is associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)? _____
Answer: Uveitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 171: What is the test of choice for definitive diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux? _____
Answer: Voiding cystourethrogram
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/urology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 172: Definition of serous otitis media? _____
Answer: Middle ear effusion w/o acute inflammation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 173: 3 year old recent immigrant acutely ill; sitting up and leaning forward, drooling, toxic appearing; diagnosis and next step? _____
Answer: Epiglottitis → prepare for intubation in the OR
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 174: What is the next step in management for a stable child with suspected intussusception and a "target sign" on ultrasound? _____
Answer: Ultrasound-guided air contrast enema
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 175: Children, itchy anus, scotch tape test = _____
Answer: Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 176: Chronic otitis media with effusion is managed with _____
Answer: tympanostomy tube
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 177: Congenital PDA, cataracts, deafness = _____
Answer: rubella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/prenatal-infections-2/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 178: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with painful erythema, fever, and superficial flaccid bullae with a positive Nikolsky sign? _____
Answer: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hypersensitivity/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 179: In kids, a negative rapid strep test should always be confirmed with _____ before treating with penicillin/amoxicillin
Answer: throat culture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 180: What are the most common causes of osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease? (2) _____
Answer: Staphylococcus aureus > Salmonella
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 181: Upper airway condition that improves with racemic epinephrine? _____
Answer: Croup
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 182: In an unimmunized infant, acute diarrhea is more likely due to _____
Answer: rotavirus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 183: What is the first-line treatment for acute otitis media? _____
Answer: Oral amoxicillin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 184: What is the next step in management for an infant with suspected bacterial meningitis based on history and physical exam? _____
Answer: Lumbar puncture followed by IV antibiotics
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 185: What is the most common primary agent causing bronchiolitis? _____
Answer: RSV
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 186: Otitis media with effusion can be distinguished from acute otitis media by the lack of _____ signs
Answer: acute inflammatory
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 187: Ddx for rubella and measles childhood exanthems: Rubella rash: Begins at head and moves down and _____ Measles: Begins at head and moves down and _____
Answer: postauricular lymphadenopathy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 188: What is the next step for a child that presents with symptoms concerning for acute mastoiditis? _____
Answer: Empiric IV antibiotic therapy + drainage of purulent material
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 189: _____ is a GI disorder that presents with an ill-defined, "sausage shaped" mass in the RUQ
Answer: Intussusception
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 190: _____
Answer: Croup "Steeple Sign" (Parainfluenza)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 191: Herpangina is found on the posterior pharynx and is caused by _____
Answer: Coxsackie A virus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 192: What is the next best step in management of a patient with overlapping clinical features between transient synovitis and septic arthritis? _____
Answer: Bilateral US +/- arthrocentesis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/approach-to-joint-pain/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 193: What is management of an infant whose mother has HIV with viral load <1,000 copies/mL? _____
Answer: Zidovudine alone (immediately after delivery)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 194: Children with acute cerebellar ataxia secondary to _____ infection may present with broad-based gait, dysdiadochokinesia, and hyperpigmented macules on the chest
Answer: VZV
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 195: What is the likely diagnosis in an infant with an erythematous rash in the diaper region that spares skin folds? _____
Answer: Irritant (contact) diaper dermatitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/eczematous-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 196: Child with chronic (> 6 weeks) of arthritis symptoms (morning stiffness) and ↑ inflammatory markers = _____
Answer: juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 197: Children with UTIs are usually treated with a(n) _____
Answer: 3rd-gen cephalosporin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 198: Child with OCD/tic disorder abruptly worsened by group A strep infection is suggestive of _____
Answer: PANDAS
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 199: Septic arthritis in children most commonly results from _____ spread
Answer: hematogenous
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/monoarticuloarthropathy/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 200: What are the next steps in a child with bacterial meningitis and NO alarm symptoms? _____
Answer: Blood cultures → lumbar puncture → IV antibiotics
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 201: Patient presents with coarse facies, cold (noninflamed) abscesses, retained primary teeth, high IgE, and derm issues (eczema) _____
Answer: Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job syndrome)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 202: Croup causes inspiratory stridor and barky cough due to narrowing of the proximal _____
Answer: trachea
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 203: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with abdominal pain, arthralgias, and palpable purpura on the lower extremities? _____
Answer: Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/vasculitis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 204: Condyloma acuminata in children is concerning for _____
Answer: sexual abuse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 205: _____ is a feature of Mumps that presents with a swollen neck and parotid glands
Answer: Parotitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 206: What is the recommended treatment for seborrheic dermatitis in infants? _____
Answer: Emollients and nonmedicated shampoos
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/papulosquamous/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 207: Post-viral infection (e.g. VZV) onset of cerebellar dysfunction (nystagmus, ataxia)? _____
Answer: Acute cerebellar ataxia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 208: What is the fluid of choice for initial resuscitation of a child with moderate-severe dehydration? _____
Answer: IV isotonic solutions (e.g. NS or LR)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 209: What is the recommended treatment for children with group A Streptococcus pharyngitis? _____
Answer: Oral penicillin or amoxicillin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 210: Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis = _____
Answer: wheezing
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 211: _____ occurs when bowel telescopes into another and blood supply is compromised
Answer: Intussusception
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 212: Pooled secretions in the oropharynx, drooling, muffled voice, and stridor suggests _____
Answer: epiglottitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 213: Drooling and ulcers in the mouth in a child = _____
Answer: drain cleaner
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki - drooling is 2/2 the odynophagia and an avoidance of swallowing - ulcer formation due to caustic chemical. - organophosphates don't cause ulcers and would probably have other cholinergic symptoms (PNS)
Flashcard 214: Simple febrile seizures are _____
Answer: generalized
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 215: What is the etiology of erythema infectiosum (Fifth's disease)? _____
Answer: Parvovirus B19
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 216: Nebulized glucocorticoids are the immediate treatment of choice for moderate-to-severe croup _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/upper-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 217: What is the recommended treatment for an infant born to a mother with an HIV viral load < 1000 copies/mL? _____
Answer: Zidovudine within 12 hours of birth for > 6 weeks
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 218: Ptosis, descending flaccid paralysis, constipation and drooling is suggestive of _____
Answer: infant botulism
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 219: Asymptomatic coin swallow is managed with _____ Symptomatic coin swallow is managed with _____
Answer: observe / repeat x-ray
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 220: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with 2 months of daily fever, pink macular rash, and knee/hip pain that is worse in the morning? _____
Answer: Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (aka junvenile RA)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 221: Herpetic gingivostomatitis causes multiple small vesicles in the _____ pharynx/lips
Answer: anterior
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 222: For pediatric simple febrile seizures, _____ is indicated with clinical features of meningitis or children ages 6-12 months without immunization
Answer: lumbar puncture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 223: Bronchodilators, epinephrine, and corticosteroids are part of the treatment for bronchiolitis _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 224: What is the likely diagnosis in a child that presents with ear pain with a bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane on otoscopic exam? _____
Answer: Acute otitis media
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 225: High fever and diffuse macular rash several days later = _____
Answer: roseola (HHV-6)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 226: Child <2 years old with recent viral URI and wheezing/dyspnea in the winter months is suggestive of _____
Answer: bronchiolitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/lower-airway/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 227: Shigellosis can cause a high fever, which can lead to _____
Answer: febrile seizures
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 228: Child 3 mo - 3 yr, relief with knee-chest position and currant-jelly/bloody bowel movements is suggestive of _____
Answer: intussusception
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 229: What is the likely diagnosis in a young child that presents with fever and a petechial rash on the lower extremities with a positive Brudziński's sign? _____
Answer: Meningococcal meningitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 230: What is the next step in management for a child with suspected immune thrombocytopenia that presents with mucosal bleeding (prolonged epistaxis, bleeding from the GI tract, or intracranial hemorrhage)? _____
Answer: IVIg or corticosteroids
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 231: What is the next step in management for a child that presents with a runny nose, cough, and pharyngeal vesicles? _____
Answer: Reassurance and observation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 232: How does intussusception present? _____
Answer: Abrupt onset of colicky abdominal pain in an otherwise healthy baby
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 233: What is the diagnosis in a young patient with anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and bruising? _____
Answer: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 234: Patients with a history of _____ are particularly susceptible to HSV conjunctivitis
Answer: atopic dermatitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 235: The acute form of ITP commonly arises in _____ (age group) weeks after a viral infection or immunization
Answer: children
Flashcard 236: When does common variable immunodeficiency typically present? _____
Answer: After age 2
Flashcard 237: _____ viral lesions affect the trunk
Answer: Chickenpox (Smallpox or Chickenpox)
Flashcard 238: _____ the most common congenital infection (developed world)
Answer: CMV
Flashcard 239: _____ is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in infants
Answer: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Flashcard 240: Does the rash of Rubella affect the face?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 241: Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis often develop a _____ in their eye
Answer: uveitis
Flashcard 242: Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with _____ in children
Answer: Neuroblastoma
Flashcard 243: _____ viral lesions are superficial
Answer: Chickenpox (Smallpox or Chickenpox)
Flashcard 244: Which childhood xanthem can present with a fine, blanching rash developing after a sore throat?_____
Answer: Scarlet fever (GAS)
Flashcard 245: Which demographic can commonly display anicteric hepatitis A infection?_____
Answer: Young children and infants
Flashcard 246: RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) is typically seen in children _____ of age
Answer: < 6 months
Flashcard 247: Intussusception is most common in patients under _____ years old
Answer: 2
Flashcard 248: Does the rash of Roseola affect the face?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 249: Which congenital infection presents as chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, and intracranial calcifications?_____
Answer: Congenital toxoplasmosis
Flashcard 250: Primary infection with HSV will present as _____
Answer: gingivostomatitis
Flashcard 251: What is the treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis?_____
Answer: Ceftriaxone
Flashcard 252: What is the incubation period of Rubella?_____
Answer: 14-21 days
Flashcard 253: Scabies is common in _____ (demographic) and crowded populations
Answer: children
Flashcard 254: Acute epiglottitis may present with muffled voice and inspiratory _____
Answer: stridor
Flashcard 255: How soon after measles infection does subacute sclerosing panencephalitis typically present?_____
Answer: Years later
Flashcard 256: What is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children?_____
Answer: Rotavirus
Flashcard 257: Retropharyngeal abscesses most commonly affect _____
Answer: children
Flashcard 258: Which stage of Bordetella pertussis infection is characterized by non-specific fever and conjunctival injection?_____
Answer: Catarrhal
Flashcard 259: What is the treatment for rotavirus?_____
Answer: Oral rehydration therapy
Flashcard 260: Roseola affects children _____ months old
Answer: 6 - 24
Flashcard 261: Which infectious skin disorder is a superficial bacterial skin infection characterized by honey-colored crusting? _____
Answer: Impetigo
Flashcard 262: _____ viral lesions are different ages
Answer: Chickenpox (Smallpox or Chickenpox)
Flashcard 263: Children with PSGN _____ progress (frequency) to renal failure
Answer: rarely (1%)
Flashcard 264: What viral complication is characterized by a seal-bark cough and inspiratory stridor?_____
Answer: Croup (laryngeotracheobronchitis)
Flashcard 265: Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis will be prescribed therapy to reduce _____
Answer: inflammation
Flashcard 266: Appendicitis is related to obstruction of the appendix by _____ (children)
Answer: lymphoid hyperplasia
Flashcard 267: Which immunodeficiency presents with delayed separation of the umbilical cord (>30 days)? _____
Answer: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Flashcard 268: What is a complication of rotavirus diarrhea?_____
Answer: Dehydration
Flashcard 269: What is a classic respiratory buzzword for croup (laryngeotracheobronchitis, parainfluenza infection)?_____
Answer: Inspiratory stridor (with a seal bark cough)
Flashcard 270: Which RNA virus presents with rash of 3-days duration?_____
Answer: Rubella
Flashcard 271: _____ seizures are the most common neurological disorder affecting children
Answer: Febrile
Flashcard 272: Which childhood xanthem is known as fifth disease?_____
Answer: Erythema infectiosum (Parvo B19)
Flashcard 273: Acute epiglottitis is associated with risk of acute _____
Answer: airway obstruction
Flashcard 274: Measles is also known as _____
Answer: rubeola
Flashcard 275: Which childhood xanthem is known as sixth disease?_____
Answer: Roseola
Flashcard 276: Which stage of Bordetella pertussis infection is characterized by whooping cough and post-tussive vomiting?_____
Answer: Paroxysmal
Flashcard 277: _____ caused by Bordetella pertussis involves a cough on expiration and a "whoop" on inspiration.
Answer: Whooping cough
Flashcard 278: The Chickenpox rash is said to have a "_____" appearance
Answer: dew drops on a rose
Flashcard 279: Pseudomonas causes pneumonia and respiratory failure in _____ patients
Answer: cystic fibrosis
Flashcard 280: Which demographic is commonly associated with Yersinia enterocolitica?_____
Answer: Toddlers
Flashcard 281: Lesions of Chickenpox (VZV) will be in _____ stages of healing
Answer: different
Flashcard 282: Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of _____ in children (ear pathology)
Answer: otitis media
Flashcard 283: What demographic (age group) is more commonly associated with PSGN? _____
Answer: Children
Flashcard 284: Patients with ataxia-telangiectasia have vitiligo, granulomas, and a high recurrence of _____ infections
Answer: sinopulmonary
Flashcard 285: Does the rash of Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus) affect the face?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 286: Roseola is also known as exanthema _____
Answer: subitum
Flashcard 287: The fever of Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus) is _____ (severity)
Answer: mild
Flashcard 288: What demographic (age group) is classically affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura? _____
Answer: Children
Flashcard 289: Does the rash of Scarlet fever affect the face?_____
Answer: Yes***
Flashcard 290: What demographic is at high risk of rotavirus infection?_____
Answer: Children
Flashcard 291: Which childhood exanthem is known as second disease?_____
Answer: Scarlet fever (Step pyogenes - GAS)
Flashcard 292: When treating febrile seizures, is supportive care or active cooling primarily indicated?_____
Answer: Supportive care
Flashcard 293: Which childhood xanthem is known as third disease?_____
Answer: Rubella
Flashcard 294: What clinical syndrome is associated with "beefy-red tongue" concurrent with pharyngitis? _____
Answer: Scarlet Fever
Flashcard 295: What is the most common cause of death in children with sickle cell anemia? _____
Answer: Infection with encapsulated organisms
Flashcard 296: Severe croup (laryngeotracheobronchitis) can result in _____ of blood pressure secondary to upper airway obstruction
Answer: pulsus paradoxus
Flashcard 297: _____ viral lesions are deep
Answer: Smallpox (Smallpox or Chickenpox)
Flashcard 298: Which childhood xanthem (rash) arises from herpesviruses?_____
Answer: Roseola (exanthem subitum)
Flashcard 299: Which virus can benefit from Vitamin A supplementation?_____
Answer: Measles
Flashcard 300: The rash of Roseola is said to have a red, "_____" appearance
Answer: lacy
Flashcard 301: What demographic (age group) is associated with infectious mononucleosis due to EBV infection?_____
Answer: Teenagers
Flashcard 302: Which childhood xanthem is known as first disease?_____
Answer: Rubeola (measles)
Flashcard 303: The fever of Roseola is _____ (severity)
Answer: very high ( > 104)
Flashcard 304: Rotavirus infection commonly occurs during the _____ months
Answer: winter
Flashcard 305: Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis commonly manifests with arthralgias in _____ joints
Answer: 2+ (how many?)
Flashcard 306: Acute rheumatic fever most commonly affects children 2 - 3 _____ after an episode of streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat")
Answer: weeks
Flashcard 307: _____ is a ToRCHeS infection that presents with hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash and a "blueberry muffin" rash.
Answer: CMV
Flashcard 308: Rotavirus gastroenteritis can result in a secondary _____ deficiency
Answer: lactase
Flashcard 309: Most cases of primary tuberculosis occur in _____ and the immunocompromised (demographic)
Answer: children
Flashcard 310: Other names for Parvovirus B19 include _____, slapped cheek fever and fifth disease
Answer: erythema infectiosum
Flashcard 311: Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of the scalp, often caused by Trichophyton spp., and almost always occurs in _____
Answer: young children (what demographic)
Flashcard 312: In children, typical HUS symptoms are accompanied by _____ due to infection with E. coli
Answer: diarrhea
Flashcard 313: Which infectious skin disorder presents with sloughing of skin with erythematous rash and fever?_____
Answer: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Flashcard 314: Does the rash of Rubeola (measles) affect the face?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 315: What virus commonly results in Koplik spots?_____
Answer: Measles
Flashcard 316: The rash of Erythema infectiosum is said to have a red, "_____" appearance
Answer: lacy
Flashcard 317: What demographic is at risk of roseola?_____
Answer: Children 6 - 24 months (specific)
Flashcard 318: What is another name for croup (parainfluenza infection)?_____
Answer: Laryngeotracheobronchitis
Flashcard 319: Which locations is rotavirus commonly found?_____
Answer: Kindergartens and Daycares
Flashcard 320: What is the treatment for Roseola?_____
Answer: Supportive (infection is self-limiting)
Flashcard 321: What type of rash is seen in hand-foot-and-mouth disease?_____
Answer: Red, vesicular rash
Flashcard 322: Poliomyelitis presents with _____-lateral asymmetric weakness
Answer: bi
Flashcard 323: What demographic is hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) most common in?_____
Answer: Children < 10 y.o. (age)
Flashcard 324: What is used for prevention of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in premature infants?_____
Answer: Palivizumab
Flashcard 325: PTLD most commonly occurs in what age group?_____
Answer: Children
Flashcard 326: Changes in brain structure associated with CMV can result in mental retardation and _____
Answer: seizures
Flashcard 327: Infection caused by Strep pyogenes that presents with erythematous, sandpaper-like rash with fever and sore throat: _____
Answer: Scarlet Fever
Flashcard 328: What demographic is most susceptible to viral (aseptic) meningitis caused by enteroviruses?_____
Answer: Children
Flashcard 329: In children, the most common cause of intussusception is _____ (e.g. due to rotavirus or adenovirus)
Answer: lymphoid hyperplasia
Flashcard 330: Nonspecific symptoms of Chickenpox caused by VZV include headache and _____
Answer: fever
Flashcard 331: _____ viral lesions are all the same age
Answer: Smallpox (Smallpox or Chickenpox)
Flashcard 332: What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?_____
Answer: Respiratory synctial virus (RSV)
Flashcard 333: What is a possible viral cause of orchitis in teenage males? _____
Answer: Mumps virus
Flashcard 334: In patients with intussusception, a _____ is diagnostic and may be therapeutic
Answer: barium enema
Flashcard 335: What is the most common symptom of rotavirus?_____
Answer: Watery diarrhea
Flashcard 336: HIV is considered a ToRCHeS infection and can be transmitted through the _____
Answer: placenta
Flashcard 337: What is the most common cause of pneumonia in infants?_____
Answer: Respiratory synctial virus (RSV)
Flashcard 338: Which virus causes slapped-cheek fever?_____
Answer: Parvovirus B19
Flashcard 339: Patient with sore-throat has red-rash that begins on the trunk and neck, then spreads to the extremities before eventually desquamating_____
Answer: Scarlet Fever
Flashcard 340: Orchitis due to mumps infection carries risk of _____, especially in teenagers
Answer: sterility
Keywords: Infectious Disease flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Common childhood exanthems
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Pediatric respiratory infections
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Pediatric gastrointestinal infections
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Urinary tract infections in children
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Bone and joint infections
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Central nervous system infections
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Pediatric tuberculosis
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Pediatric HIV
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Recurrent infections evaluation
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Fever of unknown origin approach
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Emerging infectious diseases in children
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Post-infectious immune complications
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Antimicrobial resistance in pediatrics
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