Pulmonary US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Pulmonary with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Pulmonary Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 21: Heritable pulmonary hypertension can be due to _____ mutations of the BMPR2 gene
Answer: inactivating
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-special-topics?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/pulmonary-hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: Pleural diseases (e.g. mesothelioma) and pleural effusions are both _____ restrictive lung diseases Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a(n) _____ restrictive lung disease
Answer: extrinsic
Extra:
Watch Restrictive Lung Disease (Overview) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-restrictive-lung-disease-restrictive-lung-disease-overview?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/restrictive-lung-disease?index=2]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/restrictive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: _____ fibers in asbestos can penetrate the epithelium and enter the interstitium (more pathogenic than "serpentine" fibers)
Answer: Amphibole
Extra:
* Amphiboles constitute the other family of asbestos materials and include crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite
* Amphibole fibers are straighter, more brittle and more hydrophobic than chrysotile
Watch Pneumoconioses [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-restrictive-lung-disease-pneumoconioses?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/restrictive-lung-disease?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/restrictive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: What type of pneumonia is characterized by acute inflammatory infiltrates from bronchioles into adjacent alveoli?
_____
Answer: Bronchopneumonia
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-fundamentals?index=13]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: Pathogenesis of asthma involves allergens inducing a TH_____ phenotype in CD4+ T cells of genetically susceptible individuals
Answer: 2
Extra:
Watch Asthma & Bronchiectasis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-obstructive-lung-disease-asthma-and-bronchiectasis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/obstructive-lung-disease?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology/asthma/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: In atelectasis, the trachea may deviate _____ the side of the lesion
Answer: towards
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 27: Bronchiectasis is due to chronic _____ inflammation or obstruction which results in permanently dilated airways
Answer: necrotizing
Extra:
Watch Asthma & Bronchiectasis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-obstructive-lung-disease-asthma-and-bronchiectasis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/obstructive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: Emphysema is characterized by the _____ of alveolar air sacs
Answer: destruction
Extra:
* Centriacinar predominantly in the respiratory bronchioles, whereas panacinar is predominant in the alveolus + alveolar ducts
Watch COPD & Emphysema [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-obstructive-lung-disease-copd-and-emphysema?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/obstructive-lung-disease?index=8]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology/copd/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: _____ is likely related to cyclical lung injury, with TGF-β from injured pneumocytes inducing increased collagen deposition and fibrosis
Answer: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Extra:
Watch Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-restrictive-lung-disease-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/restrictive-lung-disease?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/restrictive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki
IPF seen on PATHOLOGY may also be referred to as usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)
- normally in lung injury, type I pneumocytes are destroyed, type II pneumocytes undergo hyperplasia to make cells that differentiate into and replace the type I, then remaining type II die
- in IPF, chronic injury of type II pneumocytes leads to constant hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes (increased), which produce TGF-B that stimulates activity / proliferation of fibroblasts (increased); while type I pneumocytes die off (decrease) / are replaced by fibrotic tissue
Flashcard 30: _____ pneumonia is characterized by consolidation of an entire lobe or lung
Answer: Lobar
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-fundamentals?index=10]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
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