Ultrasound markers and anomaly screening — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Down syndrome presents with _____ estriol

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 2: In female infertility testing; saline infusion sonohysterography is the preferred method of diagnosing abnormalities of the _____

Answer: uterine cavity

Flashcard 3: When performing a maternal serum quadruple screen, accurate estimation of _____ is very important to determine whether levels of analytes are abnormal

Answer: gestational age

Flashcard 4: Down syndrome presents with _____ free -hCG

Answer: increased

Flashcard 5: The inability to detect _____ defects is a downside of chorionic villus sampling when compared to amniocentesis

Answer: neural tube

Flashcard 6: Elevated -fetoprotein (AFP) can be associated with _____ defects (ex. Omphalocele)

Answer: abdominal wall

Flashcard 7: cervical dysplasia/squamous cell carcinoma

Answer: HPV 16, 18

Extra: koilocytes (enlarged, hyperchromatic epithelial cells) on Pap smear. (normal left, abnormal right) multiple sexual partners, smoking, early age of firts intercourse, HIV infectionmay progress to invasive carcinoma

Flashcard 8: Worldwide, _____ cancer is the most common gynecologic tumor.

Answer: cervical

Flashcard 9: secondary prevention (epidemiology)

Answer: early detection (e.g. Pap smear)

Flashcard 10: Ovarian surface epithelial tumors typically present _____ and therefore have _____ prognosis

Answer: late

Extra:   Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki