Cell-free DNA screening US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cell-free DNA screening with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cell-free DNA screening Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: Edward syndrome and Patau syndrome present with _____ free -hCG
Answer: decreased
Flashcard 2: Edward syndrome presents with _____ free -fetoprotein (AFP)
Answer: decreased
Flashcard 3: What is the risk of fetal loss in amniocentesis? What about chorionic villus sampling? _____
Answer: 0.5% in amniocentesis versus 1% in CVS
Flashcard 4: Down syndrome presents with _____ free -hCG
Answer: increased
Flashcard 5: cervical dysplasia/squamous cell carcinoma
Answer: HPV 16, 18
Extra: koilocytes (enlarged, hyperchromatic epithelial cells) on Pap smear. (normal left, abnormal right)
multiple sexual partners, smoking, early age of firts intercourse, HIV infection may progress to invasive carcinoma
Flashcard 6: Worldwide, _____ cancer is the most common gynecologic tumor.
Answer: cervical
Flashcard 7: secondary prevention (epidemiology)
Answer: early detection (e.g. Pap smear)
Flashcard 8: Ovarian surface epithelial tumors typically present _____ and therefore have _____ prognosis
Answer: late
Extra:
Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: What is the key risk factor for Cervical Carcinoma?
_____
Answer: High-risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 33)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/cervical-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Other:
- smoking
- starting sexual intercourse at a young age
- immunodeficiency (e.g. HIV infection)
Flashcard 10: Spontaneous, unilateral serosanguinous nipple discharge is followed up with _____ and _____
Answer: mammography → ultrasound
Extra:
* vascular connection to the tumor that is not present normally; connects papilloma to duct wall
Watch Benign Breast Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-benign-breast-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Benign Breast Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-benign-breast-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Keywords: Cell-free DNA screening flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
