Horizontal gene transfer mechanisms US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Horizontal gene transfer mechanisms with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Horizontal gene transfer mechanisms Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: _____ describes the transfer of DNA from one bacteria to another via a bacteriophage
Answer: Transduction
Flashcard 2: _____ is the transfer of DNA between bacteria using 'sex pili'
Answer: Conjugation
Flashcard 3: _____ is the transfer of specific DNA between bacteria using bacteriophages
Answer: Specialized transduction
Flashcard 4: _____ involves DNA extending a sex pilus, allowing exchange of DNA between two different strains
Answer: Conjugation
Flashcard 5: _____ bacterial DNA transduction stems from incorporation of viral DNA into bacterial DNA; excision of viral DNA results in excision of bacterial DNA as well
Answer: Specialized (Generalized or Specialized)
Flashcard 6: What glial cell type serves as the CNS phagocyte?
Answer: microglia
mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm
Flashcard 7: Microglia derive from what embryologial predecessor?
Answer: mesoderm
mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm
Flashcard 8: Where do the genes for bacterial exotoxins reside?
Answer: plasmids or transferred by bacteriophages
Flashcard 9: What bacteria are particularly adept at transformation of environmental DNA?
Answer: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae B, Neisseria
mnemonic: SHiN
Flashcard 10: Give four processes by which bacteria may gain/lose/recombine DNA.
Answer: transformation, transposition, transduction, conjugation
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