Adrenal disorders — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What is the state of the adrenal glands in Cushing syndrome due to ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma (hyperplasia, atrophy; one, both)?_____

Answer: Hyperplasia of both adrenal glands

Flashcard 2: Conn syndrome presents with hypertension, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis due to _____ aldosterone levels

Answer: increased

Flashcard 3: Does secondary adrenal insufficiency present with skin/mucosal hyperpigmentation?_____

Answer: No, because ACTH levels are decreased

Flashcard 4: Chronic glucocorticoid use may cause Iatrogenic _____ syndrome

Answer: Cushing

Flashcard 5: What is the most common cause of Cushing syndrome?_____

Answer: Exogenous glucocorticoids

Flashcard 6: _____ hyperaldosteronism is characterized by high aldosterone and high renin

Answer: Secondary

Extra:   Watch Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Hyperaldosteronism & Hypercortisolism [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-adrenocortical-hyperfunction-hyperaldosteronism-and-hypercortisolism?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/heart-failure/acquire?ref=anki  characterized by a aldosterone/renin ratio ~ 10 (renin causing high aldosterone) 

Flashcard 7: One common cause of acute primary adrenal insufficiency is _____ syndrome

Answer: Waterhouse-Friderichsen

Flashcard 8: Kallmann syndrome

Answer: defective migration of GnRH cells

Extra: anosmia, lack of secondary sex characteristicsdecreased: GnRH, FSH, LH, testosterone, sperm count

Flashcard 9: hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Answer:

Extra:  decreased: LH, testosterone 

Flashcard 10: primary hypogonadism

Answer:

Extra: increased: LH decreased: testosterone