Post-translational modifications — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ are abundant, cytosolic ribonucleoproteins that traffic proteins from the ribosome to the RER

Answer: Signal recognition particles (SRPs)

Flashcard 2: One class of post-translational modifications is _____, which include phosphorylation, glycosylation, hydroxylation, methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination

Answer: covalent alterations

Flashcard 3: One example of a post-translational modification is _____, which entails the removal of N- or C-terminal propeptides from a zymogen to generate mature protein

Answer: trimming

Flashcard 4: What is the end effect of steroid hormones? _____

Answer: Synthesis of new proteins

Flashcard 5: mRNA directs ribosomal synthesis of _____, which contains a signal peptide, the A and B chains of insulin, and a connecting peptide (insulin synthesis)

Answer: preproinsulin

Flashcard 6: Where does protein synthesis take place?

Answer: RER

Flashcard 7: ribosome

Answer: protein synthesis

Extra: 50S and 30S subunits

Flashcard 8: Northern

Answer: RNA

Extra: complementary labeled RNA

Flashcard 9: What occurs during the translation step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: translation of preprocollagen α-chains

Flashcard 10: What kinds of proteins are synthesized by membrane bound ribosomes vs. free ribosomes?

Answer: membrane-bound - secretory proteins free - cytosolic and organellar