Types of DNA damage US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Types of DNA damage with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Types of DNA damage Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: Chronic exposure to Arsenic may cause cancer by metabolites (ex. Dimethyl-Arsenic) inhibiting _____ motifs in Base-Excision Repair and Nucleotide-Excision Repair enzymes
Answer: zinc finger
Flashcard 2: Mechanisms to repair _____ breaks are defective in Ataxia telangiectasia, Fanconi anemia, and SCID
Answer: dsDNA
Flashcard 3: Non-ionizing radiation causes carcinogenesis by generating _____
Answer: pyrimidine dimers
Flashcard 4: What form of DNA repair fixes mutations induced by UV radiation?_____
Answer: nucleotide excision repair
Flashcard 5: What form of DNA repair fixes mutations due to spontaneous/toxic deamination?_____
Answer: Base excision repair
Flashcard 6: What mutation is induced by UV radiation?_____
Answer: Pyrimidine dimers (e.g. thymine dimers)
Flashcard 7: What process is used by mismatch repair enzymes to distinguish between old and new DNA strands in prokaryotes?_____
Answer: DNA methylation
Flashcard 8: What are the four mechanisms of DNA repair?
Answer: Nuceotide excision repair
Base excision repair
Mismatch repair
Nonhomologous end joining
Flashcard 9: non-homologous end joining
Answer: join 2 dsDNA ends
Extra: double-stranded breaks (when no homologous chromosome is around to use as a guide) ataxia telangiectasia
Flashcard 10: mismatch repair
Answer: 1. new strand recognized (lacks methylation)
2. mismatched nucleotides removed
3. DNA pol/ligase fills/seals gap
Extra: Mismatched bases on newly synthesized DNA strand hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)
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