Thorax/Abdomen — Flashcards
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How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?
List the retroperitoneal structures.
In the right lung, the pulmonary artery is _____ to the bronchus
ID Artery: _____
Will a laterally directed passage of a needle along either midclavicular line penetrate cardiac tissue? _____
The most common location for a pancreatic pseudocyst is in the _____
Which lymph node cluster drains the kidney? _____
Which lymph node cluster drains the proximal colon up to the splenic flexure? _____
The _____ node is located in the wall of the right atrium near the orifice of the superior vena cava
Which artery supplies the regions of the midgut? _____
Thorax/Abdomen US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Thorax/Abdomen with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Thorax/Abdomen Flashcard Deck - 165 Cards
Flashcard 1: How many thoracic spinal nerves are there?
Answer: 12
Flashcard 2: List the retroperitoneal structures.
Answer: Suprarenal glands Aorta and IVC Duodenum Pancreas Ureters Colon Kidneys Esophagus Rectum mnemonic: SAD PUCKER
Flashcard 3: In the right lung, the pulmonary artery is _____ to the bronchus
Answer: anterior
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/lungs?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 4: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Left gastroepiploic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 5: Will a laterally directed passage of a needle along either midclavicular line penetrate cardiac tissue? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: The most common location for a pancreatic pseudocyst is in the _____
Answer: lesser peritoneal sac
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 7: Which lymph node cluster drains the kidney? _____
Answer: Para-aortic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: Which lymph node cluster drains the proximal colon up to the splenic flexure? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: The _____ node is located in the wall of the right atrium near the orifice of the superior vena cava
Answer: SA
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: Which artery supplies the regions of the midgut? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric artery
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: Which GI ligament may be cut during surgery to access the lesser sac? _____
Answer: Gastrohepatic ligament
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: The hepatoduodenal ligament borders the _____ foramen, which connects the greater and lesser sacs
Answer: omental
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/abdominal-wall?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: Most of the venous drainage from the myocardium traverses the _____, which delivers deoxygenated blood to right atrium
Answer: coronary sinus (CS)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=15] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: The external oblique gives rise to the _____ of the spermatic cord
Answer: external spermatic fascia
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: Reactivated tuberculosis affects the _____ lobes of the lung
Answer: upper
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: What structure is contained within the falciform ligament? _____
Answer: Ligamentum teres hepatis (derivative of fetal umbilical vein)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: The fundus and upper portion of the greater curvature of the stomach are supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: short gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: Colon metastases have a high predilection for the liver due to its venous drainage into the _____
Answer: portal vein
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=9] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: Which lymph node cluster drains the splenic flexure and the upper descending colon? _____
Answer: Left colic lymph nodes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: The gastrosplenic ligament separates the greater and lesser sacs on the _____
Answer: left
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/hepatoduodenal-ligament-celiac-trunk-stomach-spleen-liver-and-gallbladder?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: Which type of hernia involves protrusion of abdominal structures into the thorax? _____
Answer: Diaphragmatic hernia
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/non-visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: Which lymph node cluster drains the stomach, spleen, liver, and pancreas? _____
Answer: Celiac
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: Which type of inguinal hernia involves protrusion of the bowel through the superficial inguinal ring only? _____
Answer: Direct inguinal hernia
Extra: Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: What is the medial border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Lateral border of rectus abdominis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/non-visceral-anatomy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: Injury to the long thoracic nerve can occur during: #1 - _____ wounds #2 - axillary lymph node dissection #3 - chest tube insertion
Answer: stab
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/axilla?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Lobules and small ducts of breast tissue are present in highest density in the _____ quadrant
Answer: upper outer
Extra: * this is why invasive ductal carcinoma is most common in the upper outer quadrant of the breast Watch Breast Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-breast-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/breast-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: Direct inguinal hernias herniate _____ to the inferior epigastric vessels
Answer: medial
Extra: * Arterial and venous tubes = inferior epigastric vessels; striated wooden wall= rectus abdominis muscle Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: Inflammation of the _____ pleura, gallbladder, pericardium, and mediastinal pleura refer pain to the right shoulder via the phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
Answer: diaphragmatic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: Blood flows from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery through the _____ valve
Answer: pulmonic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: The anastomosis of what arteries allows perfusion of the celiac trunk and the SMA by each other in cases where either is thrombosed or ligated? _____
Answer: Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: Which sympathetics innervate the regions of the foregut and midgut? _____
Answer: Greater and lesser splanchnics (T5 - T12)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: When performing a suprapubic cystostomy, the surgical tools pierce through the _____
Answer: anterior abdominal aponeurosis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: The _____ artery gives rise to the anterior superior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Answer: gastroduodenal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: The transversalis fascia gives rise to the _____ of the spermatic cord
Answer: internal spermatic fascia
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Right gastroepiploic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: Strong anastomoses exist between the left gastric artery and the _____ artery
Answer: right gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/hepatoduodenal-ligament-celiac-trunk-stomach-spleen-liver-and-gallbladder?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: The middle layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: parietal layer of serous pericardium
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/heart?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: Esophageal varices result from portosystemic shunting between the _____ (portal) and _____ (systemic) veins
Answer: left gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/cirrhosis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: What is the most common location for diverticulosis? _____
Answer: Sigmoid colon
Extra: Watch Large Bowel & Appendiceal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-large-bowel-and-appendiceal-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/diverticula/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 41: The aorta, thoracic duct, and azygos vein perforate the diaphragm at the level of _____
Answer: T12
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/vascular-system?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: Does the rectum ABOVE the pectinate line drain into the portal or systemic circulation? _____
Answer: Portal
Extra: Watch Anorectal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-anorectal-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 43: What vertebral level does the gonadal artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L1/L2
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 44: Direct inguinal hernias are usually due to an acquired weakness in the _____ fascia
Answer: transversalis
Extra: Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: Gastric (fundal) varices result from portosystemic shunting between the _____ (portal) and _____ (systemic) vein
Answer: short gastric veins
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/cirrhosis/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: Gastric ulcers on the lesser curvature of the stomach may rupture, leading to bleeding from the _____ artery
Answer: left gastric
Extra: Watch Acute & Chronic Gastritis & Peptic Ulcer Disease [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-esophageal-and-gastric-disorders-acute-and-chronic-gastritis-and-peptic-ulcer-disease?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=12] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: What is the site of protrusion in a direct inguinal hernia and through what anatomical landmark? _____
Answer: Abdominal wall (through Hesselbach triangle)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki Hasselbach directly tackles through
Flashcard 48: Traumatic aortic rupture (due to trauma and/or deceleration injury) most commonly occurs at the _____
Answer: aortic isthmus
Extra: Watch Aortic Aneurysm [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-hypertension-aortic-aneurysm?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Aortic Dissection [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pediatrics-hepatobiliary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-hepatobiliary-liver-disease-liver-tumors-and-hepatocellular-carcinoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/aortic-disease?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 49: The greater omentum is formed by the _____ and gastrosplenic ligaments
Answer: gastrocolic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 50: The remnant of the umbilical vein is the _____, which is contained in the falciform ligament
Answer: ligamentum teres hepatis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/embryology?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: The carina is _____ to ascending aorta and _____ to descending aorta
Answer: posterior
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: Which artery supplies the regions of the foregut? _____
Answer: Celiac trunk
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: The splenic artery gives rise to the _____ and short gastric arteries
Answer: left gastroepiploic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 54: The ureter arises from the _____, then travels past the following structures in the listed order: - travels under the gonadal arteries over the belly of the psoas muscle - travels over the common iliac arteries - and finally under the uterine artery / vas deferens
Answer: renal pelvis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/pelvic-cavity?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: Would you be able to aspirate pleural cavity fluid from the 9th or 10th ICS spaces at the midaxillary line without penetrating other structures? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 56: The outermost layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: fibrous pericardium
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/heart?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: What structure is contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament? _____
Answer: Portal triad (proper hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: The inner layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: visceral layer of serous pericardium
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/heart?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/pericardial-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 59: What is the male remnant of the processus vaginalis? _____
Answer: Tunica vaginalis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 60: Which layer(s) of spermatic fascia cover an indirect inguinal hernia? _____
Answer: All three :)
Extra: * Sneaking through tube = Indirect passes through inguinal canal; Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: What is the best surgical landmark for identifying the appendix? _____
Answer: Teniae coli
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: Which regions of the colon are most vulnerable to hypoxia/ischemia? _____ and rectosigmoid junction
Answer: Splenic flexure
Extra: Watch Intestinal Ischemia & Angiodysplasia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-intestinal-ischemia-and-angiodysplasia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki watershed areas
Flashcard 63: The greater curvature of the stomach is supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: gastroepiploic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) usually arises below the _____, but above the _____
Answer: renal arteries
Extra: Watch Aortic Aneurysm [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-hypertension-aortic-aneurysm?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/aortic-disease?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 65: What type of diaphragmatic hernia involves upward displacement of the gastroesophageal junction? _____
Answer: Sliding hiatal hernia
Extra: Watch Structural Esophageal Disorders & GERD [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-esophageal-and-gastric-disorders-structural-esophageal-disorders-and-gerd?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/non-visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 66: The main pancreatic duct drains into the _____ duodenal papilla
Answer: major
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/superior-mesenteric-artery-inferior-mesenteric-artery-small-intestine-pancreas-large-intestine?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 67: Which artery supplies the rectum above the pectinate line? _____
Answer: Superior rectal artery (from the IMA)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 68: Umbilical hernias are specifically due to a defect in the _____
Answer: linea alba
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: The external iliac artery gives off two branches which emerge immediately proximal to the inguinal ligament: - _____ artery which branches medially - deep circumflex iliac artery which branches laterally
Answer: inferior epigastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: What type of upper airway obstruction is seen in tracheal stenosis, extraluminal goiter and mediastinal mass? _____
Answer: Fixed upper airway obstruction
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 71: Fluid accumulates in the right paracolic gutter from pathology involving _____-peritoneal GI organs (particularly right sided ones)
Answer: intra
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/abdominal-wall?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: The portal triad consists of the _____, hepatic artery proper, and portal vein
Answer: bile duct
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=14] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 73: Which lymph node cluster drains the colon from splenic flexure to upper rectum? _____
Answer: Inferior mesenteric
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 74: The lesser omentum is formed by the _____ and hepatoduodenal ligaments
Answer: gastrohepatic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/hepatoduodenal-ligament-celiac-trunk-stomach-spleen-liver-and-gallbladder?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: Injury to the iliohypogastric nerve often presents as burning or tingling pain at the _____ radiating to the inguinal and suprapubic region
Answer: surgical incision site
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: What is the site of protrusion in a direct inguinal hernia? _____
Answer: Abdominal wall (through Hesselbach triangle)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: What areas of the colon are most commonly effected by ischemic colitis? (2) _____
Answer: Splenic flexure and rectosigmoid junction
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 78: Which part of the mediastinum (anterior, middle, posterior) are bronchogenic cysts usually found? _____
Answer: Middle mediastinum
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 79: What structure is contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament? What does the Pringle maneuver do? _____
Answer: Portal triad (proper hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct); clamp ligament to control bleeding
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/abdomen/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 80: Subhepatic abscess may result from a(n) _____
Answer: perforated duodenal/gastric ulcer
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 81: What structure is responsible for breast cancer metastasis to the vertebrae? _____
Answer: Azygos vein
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/musculoskeletal?ref=anki
Flashcard 82: _____ hernias are medial to epigastric vessels
Answer: Direct
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 83: Neurogenic tumors = _____ mediastinum Thymomas = _____ mediastinum
Answer: posterior
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 84: Which lymph node cluster drains the trachea and esophagus? _____
Answer: Mediastinal
Flashcard 85: Arcuate arteries of the kidney further branch into _____ arteries
Answer: interlobular
Flashcard 86: Which lymph node cluster drains the colon up to the splenic flexure? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric
Flashcard 87: What is the medial border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Lateral border of rectus abdominis
Flashcard 88: The blood supply to the proximal ureter comes from the _____
Answer: renal artery
Flashcard 89: Which lymph node cluster drains the testes and ovaries? _____
Answer: Para-aortic
Flashcard 90: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Splenic
Flashcard 91: Patients with left sided renal vein thrombosis can develop a left sided _____ due to the "nutcracker" effect
Answer: varicocele
Flashcard 92: Which lymph node cluster drains the kidney? _____
Answer: Para-aortic
Flashcard 93: Which lymph node cluster drains the jejunum and ileum? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric
Flashcard 94: The blood supply to the middle 1/3 of the ureter is _____
Answer: variable
Flashcard 95: Which sympathetics (2) innervate the regions of the foregut and midgut? _____
Answer: Greater and lesser splanchnics (T5 - T12)
Flashcard 96: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Short gastric arteries
Flashcard 97: Which artery is associated with anteroapical myocardial infarction?_____
Answer: Distal left anterior descending (LAD) artery
Flashcard 98: The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: gastric
Flashcard 99: Which lymph node cluster drains the upper duodenum? _____
Answer: Celiac
Flashcard 100: What type of diaphragmatic hernia involves upward displacement of the gastroesophageal junction?_____
Answer: Sliding hiatal hernia
Flashcard 101: Which artery supplies the regions of the midgut? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric artery
Flashcard 102: The blood supply to the distal ureter is the _____
Answer: superior vesical artery
Flashcard 103: The _____ artery gives rise to the anterior superior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Answer: gastroduodenal
Flashcard 104: Which type of inguinal hernia involves protrusion of the bowel through the internal inguinal ring, external inguinal ring and into the scrotum?_____
Answer: Indirect inguinal hernia
Flashcard 105: The most common location for a pancreatic pseudocyst is in the _____
Answer: lesser peritoneal sac
Flashcard 106: Certain organisms that thrive in high O2 (e.g. TB) flourish in the _____ of the lung
Answer: apex
Flashcard 107: What is the most common location for diverticulosis? _____
Answer: Sigmoid colon
Flashcard 108: What dermatome is found at the xiphoid process? _____
Answer: T7
Flashcard 109: What is the site of protrusion in a direct inguinal hernia and through what anatomical landmark?_____
Answer: Abdominal wall (through Hesselbach triangle)
Flashcard 110: What structure is contained within the hepatoduodenal ligament?_____
Answer: Portal triad (proper hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct)
Flashcard 111: Rupture of the thoracic duct can cause _____
Answer: chylothorax
Flashcard 112: Which artery supplies the regions of the foregut? _____
Answer: Celiac trunk
Flashcard 113: Which lymph node cluster drains the stomach, spleen, liver, and pancreas? _____
Answer: Celiac
Flashcard 114: Which GI ligament connects the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall?_____
Answer: Splenorenal ligament
Flashcard 115: In the left lung, the pulmonary artery is _____ to the bronchus
Answer: superior
Flashcard 116: The inner layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: visceral layer of serous pericardium
Flashcard 117: When performing a suprapubic cystomy, the surgical tools pierce through the _____
Answer: anterior abdominal aponeurosis
Flashcard 118: The N of TNM staging for renal cell carcinoma represents spread to regional lymph nodes (i.e. _____ nodes)
Answer: retroperitoneal
Flashcard 119: Which artery supplies the rectum above the pectinate line?_____
Answer: Superior rectal artery (from the IMA)
Flashcard 120: What structure is contained within the gastrocolic ligament?_____
Answer: Gastroepiploic arteries
Flashcard 121: Where in the respiratory tract do cilia terminate? _____
Answer: End of Terminal bronchioles
Flashcard 122: Lung abscess secondary to aspiration is most commonly found in the _____ lung (left/right)
Answer: right
Flashcard 123: Fluid accumulates in the right paracolic gutter from pathology involving _____-peritoneal GI organs (particularly right sided ones)
Answer: intra
Flashcard 124: SMA syndrome can occur due to pronounced lordosis or surgical correction of _____
Answer: scoliosis
Flashcard 125: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Common hepatic
Flashcard 126: Which GI ligament may be cut during surgery to access the lesser sac?_____
Answer: Gastrohepatic ligament
Flashcard 127: What is the best surgical landmark for identifying the appendix?_____
Answer: Teniae coli
Flashcard 128: The _____ node is located in the wall of the right atrium near the orifice of the superior vena cava
Answer: SA
Flashcard 129: Which GI ligament connects the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?_____
Answer: Falciform ligament
Flashcard 130: Perforation of an anterior duodenal ulcer may present with referred pain to the _____ via the phrenic nerve
Answer: shoulder
Flashcard 131: If the rectus abdominis is transected horizontally, the _____ vessels should be ligated bilaterally to prevent bleeding complications
Answer: inferior epigastric
Flashcard 132: Tumors that arise in the _____ of pancreas can cause obstruction of the common bile duct, leading to an enlarged gallbladder with painless jaundice
Answer: head
Flashcard 133: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Left gastroepiploic
Flashcard 134: What structure is contained within the gastrohepatic ligament?_____
Answer: Gastric arteries
Flashcard 135: Where in the GI tract does intussusception most commonly occur?_____
Answer: Ileocecal junction
Flashcard 136: What vertebral level does the celiac artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: T12/L1
Flashcard 137: Gastric ulcers on the lesser curvature of the stomach may rupture, leading to bleeding from the _____ artery
Answer: left gastric
Flashcard 138: The anatamosis of what arteries allows perfusion of the celiac trunk and the SMA by each other in cases where either is thrombosed or ligated?_____
Answer: Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Flashcard 139: What is the site of protrusion in an indirect inguinal hernia?_____
Answer: Internal (deep) inguinal ring
Flashcard 140: SMA syndrome typically occurs in conditions associated with diminished _____ (e.g. low body weight, malnutrition)
Answer: mesenteric fat
Flashcard 141: In the right lung, the pulmonary artery is _____ to the bronchus
Answer: anterior
Flashcard 142: Depending on heart size, the point of maximal apical impulse can be felt at the _____ left ICS
Answer: 5th
Flashcard 143: Strong anastomoses exist between the left gastroepiploic artery and the _____ artery
Answer: right gastroepiploic
Flashcard 144: Which layer(s) of spermatic fascia cover a direct inguinal hernia? _____
Answer: External spermatic fascia
Flashcard 145: In the adult form of coarctation of the aorta, collateral circulation develops most notably across the _____ arteries
Answer: intercostal
Flashcard 146: Most of the venous drainage from the myocardium traverses the _____, which delivers deoxygenated blood to right atrium
Answer: coronary sinus (CS)
Flashcard 147: Umbilical hernias are specifically due to a defect in the _____
Answer: linea alba (anatomical structure)
Flashcard 148: The main pancreatic duct drains into the _____ duodenal papilla
Answer: major
Flashcard 149: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome occurs due to compression of the _____ between the SMA and aorta
Answer: 3rd (transverse) part of the duodenum
Flashcard 150: Lobules and small ducts of breast tissue are present in highest density in the _____ quadrant
Answer: upper outer
Flashcard 151: The _____ artery gives off esophageal branches
Answer: left gastric
Flashcard 152: Direct inguinal hernias are usually due to an acquired weakness in the _____ fascia
Answer: transversalis
Flashcard 153: The outermost layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: fibrous pericardium
Flashcard 154: What vertebral level does the superior mesenteric artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L1
Flashcard 155: Which type of hernia involves protrusion of abdominal structures into the thorax? _____
Answer: Diaphragmatic hernia
Flashcard 156: Helicobacter pylori most commonly colonizes the gastric _____ but does not invade
Answer: antrum
Flashcard 157: Which artery supplies the regions of the hindgut? _____
Answer: Inferior mesenteric artery
Flashcard 158: The fundus and upper portion of the greater curvature of the stomach are supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: short gastric
Flashcard 159: Which lymph node cluster drains the lower duodenum? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric
Flashcard 160: Diaphragmatic hernias typically occur on the _____ side (left or right)
Answer: left
Flashcard 161: Duodenal ulcers usually arise in the _____ duodenum (anterior or posterior)
Answer: anterior
Flashcard 162: Which GI ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon?_____
Answer: Gastrocolic ligament
Flashcard 163: What vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate into the left and right common iliac arteries?_____
Answer: L4
Flashcard 164: The middle layer of the pericardium is the _____
Answer: parietal layer of serous pericardium
Flashcard 165: The greater curvature of the stomach is supplied by the _____ arteries
Answer: gastroepiploic
Keywords: Thorax/Abdomen flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Thoracic wall and diaphragm
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Pleura and lungs
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Mediastinum and heart
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Great vessels and lymphatics
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Abdominal wall and inguinal region
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Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
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GI tract anatomy (esophagus to rectum)
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Liver, gallbladder and biliary tree
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Spleen and pancreas
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Kidneys and suprarenal glands
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Retroperitoneal structures
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