Gross Anatomy — Flashcards
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At which spinal level are disc herniations most likely to occur?
In adults, how far does the spinal cord extend down the spine?
In adults, how far does the subarachnoid space extend down the spine?
At what vertebral level is lumbar puncture normally performed?
The stapes inserts into the _____ window, a membrane between the middle and inner ear
The rotator cuff muscles are: 1. _____ 2. infraspinatus 3. teres minor 4. subscapularis
The _____ nerve travels with the lateral thoracic artery through the axilla/lateral thorax
ID Artery: _____
The trachea bifurcates at the level of _____
Vertebral disc herniation usually occurs posterolaterally at the level of _____ or _____
Gross Anatomy US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gross Anatomy with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gross Anatomy Flashcard Deck - 244 Cards
Flashcard 1: At which spinal level are disc herniations most likely to occur?
Answer: between L4-L5, L5-S1
Flashcard 2: In adults, how far does the spinal cord extend down the spine?
Answer: L1 or L2
Flashcard 3: In adults, how far does the subarachnoid space extend down the spine?
Answer: S2
Flashcard 4: At what vertebral level is lumbar puncture normally performed?
Answer: L3-L4 or L4-L5
Flashcard 5: The stapes inserts into the _____ window, a membrane between the middle and inner ear
Answer: oval
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/auditory-sensation?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki Netters:
Flashcard 6: The rotator cuff muscles are: 1. _____ 2. infraspinatus 3. teres minor 4. subscapularis
Answer: supraspinatus
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/scapular-region-and-posterior-arm?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/omm/shoulder/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 7: The _____ nerve travels with the lateral thoracic artery through the axilla/lateral thorax
Answer: long thoracic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/axilla?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Common hepatic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: The trachea bifurcates at the level of _____
Answer: T4
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/lungs?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: Vertebral disc herniation usually occurs posterolaterally at the level of _____ or _____
Answer: L4-L5
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/radiculopathy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: What is the venous drainage of the right ovary/testis? _____
Answer: Right gonadal vein -> IVC
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/perineum-and-external-genitalia?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 12: Coronary artery occlusion most commonly occurs in the _____ artery
Answer: left anterior descending
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=13] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki Netters:
Flashcard 13: Does the rectum BELOW the pectinate line drain into the portal or systemic circulation? _____
Answer: Systemic
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Flashcard 14: What vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L3
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: What are the roots of the phrenic nerve? _____
Answer: C3, C4, C5
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/lungs?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: Which artery supplies the posterior third of the interventricular septum? _____
Answer: Posterior descending artery (PDA)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=13] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: ID Chamber: _____
Answer: Posterior chamber
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: The _____ artery gives off esophageal branches
Answer: left gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: ID Bony Opening: _____
Answer: Foramen ovale - Exit for CN V3
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/external-examination-of-the-brain?index=15] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: The large airways of the _____ zone of the lung consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi
Answer: conducting
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/introduction-to-the-respiratory-system?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: Which layer(s) of spermatic fascia cover a direct inguinal hernia? _____
Answer: External spermatic fascia
Extra: Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: The _____ is innervated by the upper and lower subscapular (C5-C6) nerves
Answer: subscapularis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/scapular-region-and-posterior-arm?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/omm/shoulder/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: ID Structure: _____
Answer: Iris - Middle layer, anterior 1/5th of the eye
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki Muscles of the iris The iris is composed of two muscles, the sphincter pupillae and the dilator pupillae. The sphincter pupillae (inner aspect): - Concentrically arranged muscle fibers - Receives parasympathetic innervation - Contraction results in pupillary constriction The dilator pupillae (outer aspect): - Radially arranged muscle fibers - Receives sympathetic innervation - Contraction results in pupillary dilation
Flashcard 24: In a cervical or lumbar disc herniation, the disc typically herniates into the _____, affecting the inferior nerve
Answer: vertebral canal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/radiculopathy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: The _____ is the most important muscle for inspiration
Answer: diaphragm
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/introduction-to-the-respiratory-system?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Injury to the _____ nerve presents as decreased sensation of upper anterior thigh and an absent cremasteric reflex
Answer: genitofemoral
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: ID Structure: _____
Answer: Retina - Inner layer, posterior 4/5th of the eye - Neural layer
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: The inferior gluteal nerve is commonly injured due to _____
Answer: posterior hip dislocation
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/gluteal-region-posterior-thigh-popliteal-fossa?index=9] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: Which space in the meninges is a potential space between the dura mater and skull, containing fat and blood vessels? _____
Answer: Epidural space
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/embryology?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 30: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Right gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: Which lymph node cluster drains the upper duodenum? _____
Answer: Celiac
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: The _____ extends from the medial femoral condyle to the posterior tibia
Answer: posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/anterior-and-medial-thigh-knee?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: The most posterior part of the heart is the _____
Answer: left atrium
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: Intervertebral discs generally herniate _____ due to the thin posterior longitudinal ligament and thicker anterior longitudinal ligament
Answer: posterolaterally
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/radiculopathy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: The _____ classically consists of damage to the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus* (attached to MCL)
Answer: "unhappy triad"
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/anterior-and-medial-thigh-knee?index=16] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: Masses (ex retroperitoneal hematoma / abscess) that involve the iliopsoas / iliacus muscle can result in _____ palsy
Answer: femoral nerve
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/anterior-and-medial-thigh-knee?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: What is the area of bone that lies beneath articular cartilage? _____
Answer: Subchondral bone plate (provides smooth surface for joint gliding)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: The interlobular arteries of the kidney divide into the _____
Answer: afferent arterioles
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: Blood enters the glomerular capillaries via the _____ arterioles
Answer: afferent
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: The remnant of the umbilical arteries is the _____ umbilical ligaments
Answer: medial
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/embryology?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki Netters:
Flashcard 41: What is the fibrous capsule that surrounds the seminiferous tubules in the testis? _____
Answer: Tunica albuginea
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/anatomy/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: Branches of the subclavian artery can be remembered with the mnemonic (VIT CD) V - _____ I - Internal thoracic (internal mammary) artery T - Thyrocervical trunk C - Costocervical artery D - Dorsal scapular artery
Answer: Vertebral artery
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/mediastinum?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/thyroid/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 43: The iliotibial band is a fibrous band that originates from the _____ to the proximal tibia and provides lateral knee stability
Answer: iliac crest
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/anterior-and-medial-thigh-knee?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 44: What are anatomical locations that receive blood supply from the most distal branches of 2 arteries with limited collateral vascularity known as? _____
Answer: Watershed areas (border zones)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/shock/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: The _____ aBducts the arm initially (from 0 to 15°)
Answer: supraspinatus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/omm/shoulder/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: What is the lateral border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Inferior epigastric vessels
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/non-visceral-anatomy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: In the normal heart, the aorta is posterior and to the right of the pulmonary artery; whereas in D-transposition of the great vessels, the aorta is _____ and to the _____ of the pulmonary artery
Answer: anterior
Extra: Watch Right to Left Shunts [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac/videos/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac-congenital-heart-disease-right-to-left-shunts?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/cyanotic-congenital-heart-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 48: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Short gastric arteries
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 49: Injury to what muscle manifests as sudden onset shoulder pain after overloading the arm while in abduction? _____
Answer: Deltoid injury
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 50: Which GI ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen? _____
Answer: Gastrosplenic ligament
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: In a supracondylar fracture of the humerus, anterolateral displacement of the proximal fracture fragment typically results in damage to the _____
Answer: radial nerve
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Splenic
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: The IVC is formed by the union of the right and left common iliac veins at the level of _____-_____
Answer: L4
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-viscera-muscles-and-diaphragm?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 54: The _____ nerve (L1) carries sensation from the skin of medial upper thigh, root of the penis, and upper part of the scrotum / mons pubis + labia major
Answer: ilioinguinal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: The _____ duct drains lymph from the right side of the body above the diaphragm
Answer: right lymphatic
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 56: What is the inferior border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Inguinal (Poupart) ligament
Extra: Watch Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-small-bowel-obstruction-ileus-and-hernias?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/non-visceral-anatomy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: Which lymph node cluster drains the trachea and esophagus? _____
Answer: Mediastinal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: Colonic _____ are "blind pouches" that communicate with the lumen of the gut
Answer: diverticula
Extra: Watch Large Bowel & Appendiceal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-large-bowel-and-appendiceal-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 59: The spinal cord is housed in the _____
Answer: vertebral canal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/spinal-cord?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki Other: The Dura and Arachnoid fuse to form the epineurium:
Flashcard 60: Forced eversion of the ankle most commonly causes an avulsion fracture of the _____
Answer: medial malleolus
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/musculoskeletal/videos/high-yield-step-1-anatomy?index=12] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Left gastric
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left atrium via the _____
Answer: pulmonary vein
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 63: Which lymph node cluster drains the lungs? _____
Answer: Hilar
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: What dermatome is found at the xiphoid process? _____
Answer: T7
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 65: Differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica to the trophozoite form in the colon allows the parasite to enter the _____ circulation and, eventually, the _____
Answer: portal
Extra: Watch Entamoeba histolytica [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-parasites/videos/medical-microbiology-parasites-protozoa-of-the-intestinal-tract-entamoeba-histolytica?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/protozoa/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 66: The _____ joint is an important transitional zone in the cervical spine
Answer: atlantoaxial
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/back?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 67: Duplex collecting system is strongly associated with vesicoureteral reflux and/or ureteral _____
Answer: obstruction
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology?ref=anki Atlas: UWorld:
Flashcard 68: NSAIDs accumulate at the renal _____ of the kidney
Answer: papillae
Extra: Watch Tubulointerstitial Nephritis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-acute-kidney-injury-tubulointerstitial-nephritis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/kidney-injury?index=11] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology/acute-kidney-injury/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: Which GI ligament connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach? _____
Answer: Gastrohepatic ligament
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: The thin descending limb, thin ascending limb, and thick ascending limb of the kidney form the _____
Answer: loop of Henle
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 71: Injury to the _____ nerve presents as difficulty climbing stairs and rising from a seated position due to loss of hip extension
Answer: inferior gluteal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/gluteal-region-posterior-thigh-popliteal-fossa?index=9] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: Esophageal carcinoma in the middle third of the esophagus spreads to _____, tracheobronchial, or paratracheal lymph nodes
Answer: mediastinal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki Deep lymph nodes Deep lymph nodes are not palpable. Note that the lymph is ultimately drained into the systemic circulation via the subclavian veins. The right lymphatic duct only roughly drains the upper right area of the body (red) whereas the thoracic duct is responsible for the rest of the body.
Flashcard 73: Patients with cryptorchidism typically have the testis remain in the abdomen or the _____
Answer: inguinal canal
Extra: Watch Testicular Disorders & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-male-gu-testicular-disorders-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/musculoskeletal/videos/high-yield-step-1-anatomy?index=47] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 74: Where does osteomyelitis most commonly occur in children? _____
Answer: Metaphysis of long bones
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/musculoskeletal?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: What vertebral level does the superior mesenteric artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L1
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: Proximal tibial nerve lesions present with: - foot _____flexion - foot _____ at rest - loss of foot _____ - weakness of the _____ muscles of the foot
Answer: dorsi
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: What vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate into the left and right common iliac arteries? _____
Answer: L4
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 78: Which GI ligament connects the liver to the duodenum? _____
Answer: Hepatoduodenal ligament
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 79: The smallest branches of arteries are known as _____
Answer: arterioles
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/cardiovascular-system?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 80: Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle through the _____ valve
Answer: mitral (bicuspid)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 81: The superior sagittal sinus drains into the _____ sinuses
Answer: confluence of
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/external-examination-of-the-brain?index=7] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 82: The inferior rectal artery is a branch of the _____ artery
Answer: internal pudendal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/pelvic-cavity?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 83: The lower two-thirds of the esophagus are composed of _____ muscle
Answer: smooth
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 84: What lymph nodes do the ovaries/testes drain into? _____
Answer: Para-aortic lymph nodes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 85: What is the pathway of sperm during ejaculation? _____
Answer: Seminiferous tubules Epididymis Vas deferens Ejaculatory ducts (receives vas deferens and seminal vesicle) (Nothing) Urethra Penis
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/male-reproductive-system?index=1] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 86: What structure is contained within the gastrocolic ligament? _____
Answer: Gastroepiploic arteries
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 87: Function of the _____ muscle may be assessed using the "empty/full can" test
Answer: supraspinatus
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/scapular-region-and-posterior-arm?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 88: _____ chemoreceptors are located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies
Answer: Peripheral
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/pressure-and-flow-physiology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 89: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Gastroduodenal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 90: Metastases to the bone have a predilection for the _____ skeleton
Answer: axial
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 91: ID Structure: _____
Answer: Choroid - Middle layer, posterior 4/5th of the eye - Vascular layer
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 92: Which organ is mostly extraperitoneal? _____
Answer: Bladder
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/pelvic-cavity?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 93: Pain from diaphragm irritation can be referred to the _____ (C5) or trapezius ridge (C3, 4)
Answer: shoulder
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/lungs?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 94: What artery branches off the aorta anterior to the IVC? _____
Answer: Gonadal artery
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 95: Which artery supplies the regions of the hindgut? _____
Answer: Inferior mesenteric artery
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 96: Segmental arteries of the kidney further branch into _____ arteries
Answer: interlobar
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 97: The _____ nerve (T12-L1) provides: - sensory innervation to the suprapubic region - motor innervation to the transversus abdominis and internal oblique
Answer: iliohypogastric
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 98: The kidneys lie in the _____ cavity of the body
Answer: retroperitoneal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology?ref=anki
Flashcard 99: The blood supply to the distal ureter is the _____
Answer: superior vesical artery
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 100: Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located? _____
Answer: Carotid bodies and aortic bodies
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 101: The _____ abducts the arm >90° and is innervated by the Spinal Accessory (CNXI) nerve
Answer: trapezius
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/scapular-region-and-posterior-arm?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/omm/shoulder/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 102: In a supracondylar fracture of the humerus, anteromedial displacement of the proximal fracture fragment typically results in damage to the _____
Answer: median nerve
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 103: The _____ region of the stomach is thin-walled and includes the fundus and proximal body
Answer: orad
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 104: The _____ is the spinal ligament most commonly injured in whiplash injuries (ex. car accident / rugby tackle)
Answer: anterior longitudinal ligament
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/back?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 105: There are _____ cervical pairs of spinal nerves
Answer: 8
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology?ref=anki
Flashcard 106: The inferior phrenic artery branches off the aorta at _____
Answer: T12
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 107: Antigens are brought into a lymph node via _____ lymphatics
Answer: afferent
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/immunology/videos/lymphoid-tissue?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 108: When the _____ arises from the left circumflex artery, it is referred to as left-dominant circulation (8%)
Answer: posterior descending artery (PDA)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=13] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki Netters:
Flashcard 109: The posterior descending artery (PDA) most commonly arises from the _____ artery (85%)
Answer: right coronary
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/anatomy?index=13] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki Netters:
Flashcard 110: The pharynx and upper third of the esophagus are composed of _____ muscle
Answer: striated
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 111: The meninges are composed of three layers: _____, arachnoid, pia
Answer: dura
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/embryology?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki Atlas:
Flashcard 112: The _____ composes the majority of the anterior surface of the heart
Answer: right ventricle
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac/anatomy-of-the-heart/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 113: Interlobar arteries of the kidney further branch into _____ arteries
Answer: arcuate
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/anatomy-and-embryology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Flashcard 114: The outermost layer of the gut wall is the _____ (when retroperitoneal)
Answer: adventitia
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/gastrointestinal-tract?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 115: Which lymph node cluster drains the jejunum and ileum? _____
Answer: Superior mesenteric
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 116: _____ is a thin protrusion of esophageal mucosa, most often in the upper esophagus
Answer: Esophageal web
Extra: Watch Esophageal Dysmotility & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-esophageal-and-gastric-disorders-esophageal-dysmotility-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 117: The _____ nerve (L4-S2 (nerve roots)) provides: - sensory innervation to the dorsum of the foot - motor innervation to the short head of the biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and extensor muscles of the digits
Answer: common peroneal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/leg?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 118: What is the male remnant of the gubernaculum? _____
Answer: Scrotal ligament (anchors testes within scrotum)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 119: The inner layer of the ovary is the _____, through which blood vessels and lymphatics pass
Answer: hilum
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/female-reproductive-system?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 120: ID Structure: _____
Answer: Sclera - Outer layer, posterior 4/5th of the eye
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 121: Which part of the posterior eye is not covered by the retina (blind spot)? _____
Answer: Optic disc
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/eyes?index=12] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/ophthalmology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 122: Complications of _____ scaphoid fractures include avascular necrosis and nonunion due to retrograde blood supply
Answer: proximal
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/hand?index=10] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/ortho-injuries/acquire?ref=anki Scaphoid pseudarthrosis Radiograph of the left hand: scaphoid fracture with pseudarthrosis (arrow). The patient fell onto the outstretched left hand. (1 = scaphoid; 2 = lunate; 3 =triquetrum; 4 = pisiforme; 5 = trapezium/ trapezoid; 6 = Os capitatum; 7 = hamate; 8 = Hamulus of hamate; I - V = metacarpals; R = radius; U = ulna) Blood supply of the scaphoid bone The scaphoid is supplied by the branches of the radial artery: - Dorsal carpal branch: major blood supply; in a retrograde fashion (i.e. distal to proximal) - Superficial palmar branch: supplies the distal end of the scaphoid Because the proximal scaphoid is poorly vascularized, proximal scaphoid fractures are susceptible to nonunion and avascular necrosis. blood supply loops around so the proximal portion won't heal
Flashcard 123: Which sympathetics innervate the regions of the hindgut? _____
Answer: Lumbar splanchnics (L1 - L2)
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/visceral-anatomy?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 124: The _____ abducts the arm >100° and is innervated by the long thoracic nerve
Answer: serratus anterior
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/scapular-region-and-posterior-arm?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 125: The right lung has _____ lobes
Answer: three
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/lungs?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonology?ref=anki
Flashcard 126: Vertebral disc herniation is characterized by herniation of the _____ through the annulus fibrosus
Answer: nucleus pulposus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 127: Ewing sarcoma arises in the _____ of long bones (femur)
Answer: diaphysis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/orthopedics/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 128: What anatomical landmark separates the upper and lower GI tracts? _____
Answer: Ligament of Treitz
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 129: _____ inguinal hernia enters internal inguinal ring lateral to inferior epigastric artery and exits external inguinal ring
Answer: Indirect
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 130: _____
Answer: C
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 131: Middle finger = _____
Answer: C7
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 132: Nipple line = _____
Answer: T4
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 133: _____
Answer: E
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 134: _____ hernias pass directly through abdominal wall through the transversalis muscle
Answer: Direct
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 135: Fifth finger = _____
Answer: C8
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 136: Great toe = _____ Little toe = _____
Answer: L5
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 137: The _____ connects the uterine fundus to the labia majora
Answer: Round ligament of the uterus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 138: Where is hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) localized on the body? _____
Answer: Folded skin areas (most commonly the axillae, groin, inner thigh, and perineal area)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 139: Rotator cuff tendinopathy is due to impingement of the _____ tendon
Answer: supraspinatus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 140: Neurofibromatosis 1 can present with bony abnormalities; including sphenoid dysplasia, scoliosis, and congenital _____
Answer: pseudoarthrosis
Flashcard 141: Antigens are brought into a lymph node via _____ lymphatics
Answer: afferent
Flashcard 142: The _____ duct drains lymph from the right side of the body above the diaphragm
Answer: right lymphatic
Flashcard 143: Giant cell tumor arises in the _____ of long bones, often in the knee region
Answer: epiphysis
Flashcard 144: Which lymph node cluster drains the dorsolateral foot? _____
Answer: Popliteal
Flashcard 145: Which artery supplies the posterior third of the interventricular septum? _____
Answer: Posterior descending artery (PDA)
Flashcard 146: Which lymph node cluster drains the skin below the umbilicus? _____
Answer: Superficial inguinal
Flashcard 147: Osteoblastoma typically arises in _____ (body location)
Answer: vertebrae
Flashcard 148: Interlobar arteries of the kidney further branch into _____ arteries
Answer: arcuate
Flashcard 149: Osteochondroma arises as a lateral projection of the _____
Answer: growth plate (metaphysis)
Flashcard 150: The extreme hypoxia and hypertonicity of the renal _____ may cause sickling in patients with sickle cell trait
Answer: medulla
Flashcard 151: Which lymph node cluster drains the skin above the umbilicus? _____
Answer: Axillary
Flashcard 152: The interlobular arteries of the kidney divide into the _____
Answer: afferent arterioles
Flashcard 153: Ganglion cysts are most commonly found at the distal attachment of the _____ muscle
Answer: extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
Flashcard 154: What vertebral level does the gonadal artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L1/L2
Flashcard 155: The outermost layer of the gut wall is the _____ (when retroperitoneal)
Answer: adventitia
Flashcard 156: _____ hip dislocations present with a flexed, abducted and externally rotated hip
Answer: Anterior
Flashcard 157: What artery branches off the aorta anterior to the IVC? _____
Answer: Gonadal artery
Flashcard 158: The _____ muscle originates from the anterior surface of the transverse processes / lateral surface of the vertebral bodies at T12-L5
Answer: psoas
Flashcard 159: Where does osteomyelitis most commonly occur in children?_____
Answer: Metaphysis of long bones
Flashcard 160: The most posterior part of the heart is the _____
Answer: left atrium
Flashcard 161: What are anatomical locations that receive blood supply from the most distal branches of 2 arteries with limited collateral vascularity known as?_____
Answer: Watershed areas (border zones)
Flashcard 162: The _____ region of the stomach is thick-walled and includes the distal body and antrum
Answer: caudad
Flashcard 163: What structure is contained within the falciform ligament?_____
Answer: Ligamentum teres hepatis (derivative of fetal umbilical vein)
Flashcard 164: The _____ region of the stomach is thin-walled and includes the fundus and proximal body
Answer: orad
Flashcard 165: The spinal cord is housed in the _____
Answer: vertebral canal
Flashcard 166: The inner layer of the ovary is the _____, through which blood vessels and lymphatics pass
Answer: hilum
Flashcard 167: Which layer(s) of spermatic fascia cover an indirect inguinal hernia? _____
Answer: All three
Flashcard 168: The L2 nerve exits _____ the L2 vertebra
Answer: below
Flashcard 169: ID Eye Structure: _____
Answer: Fovea
Flashcard 170: Segmental arteries of the kidney further branch into _____ arteries
Answer: interlobar
Flashcard 171: The deep peroneal nerve supplies the _____ muscle
Answer: tibialis anterior
Flashcard 172: ID Spinal Cord Section: _____
Answer: Thoracic
Flashcard 173: Which lymph node cluster drains the splenic flexure and the upper descending colon?_____
Answer: left colic lymph nodes
Flashcard 174: Which GI ligament connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen?_____
Answer: gastrosplenic ligament
Flashcard 175: When placing a biventricular pacemaker, the three leads are placed in the:- right atrium - right ventricle- _____
Answer: coronary sinus
Flashcard 176: Which part of the posterior eye is not covered by the retina (blind spot)? _____
Answer: Optic disc
Flashcard 177: The _____ composes the majority of the anterior surface of the heart
Answer: right ventricle
Flashcard 178: Which GI ligament connects the liver to the duodenum?_____
Answer: Hepatoduodenal ligament
Flashcard 179: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Left gastric
Flashcard 180: The _____ is located superficially in the leg and is the longest vein in the body
Answer: great saphenous vein
Flashcard 181: Does the renal artery branch off the aorta superior or inferior to the gonadal artery? _____
Answer: Superior
Flashcard 182: Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located (2)? _____
Answer: Carotid bodies and aortic bodies
Flashcard 183: Where does osteomyelitis most commonly occur in adults?_____
Answer: Vertebral bodies
Flashcard 184: Is the external iliac artery intraperitoneal, extraperitoneal, or retroperitoneal?_____
Answer: Retroperitoneal
Flashcard 185: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Right gastric
Flashcard 186: Which sympathetics innervate the regions of the hindgut? _____
Answer: Lumbar splanchnics (L1 - L2)
Flashcard 187: Biceps tendon injury and rupture typically occur following sudden extension of a _____ elbow while contracting the biceps
Answer: flexed
Flashcard 188: Nerves C1 - C8 exit _____ the corresponding vertebra
Answer: above
Flashcard 189: Which arteries (2) supply the anterolateral papillary muscle? _____
Answer: LCX, LAD
Flashcard 190: The superior gluteal artery is the continuation of the _____ artery
Answer: internal iliac
Flashcard 191: What is the venous drainage of the right ovary/testis?_____
Answer: Right gonadal vein -> IVC
Flashcard 192: The outermost layer of the gut wall is the _____ (when intraperitoneal)
Answer: serosa
Flashcard 193: Which lymph nodes drain the rectum above the pectinate line? _____
Answer: Internal iliac nodes
Flashcard 194: Aging of the heart eventually results in the ventricular septum acquiring a _____ shape
Answer: sigmoid
Flashcard 195: The _____ esophageal sphincter prevents air from entering the esophagus
Answer: upper
Flashcard 196: A fracture of the _____ clavicle is the most common clavicle fracture
Answer: middle third (what section?)
Flashcard 197: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma most commonly arises in the _____ of the pancreas
Answer: head
Flashcard 198: Which area of the stomach is initially affected by chronic H. pylori gastritis? _____
Answer: Antrum
Flashcard 199: Eighty percent of the adult testis is composed of _____, which produce the sperm
Answer: seminiferous tubules
Flashcard 200: What is the most common location for a gastric ulcer? _____
Answer: Lesser curvature of stomach
Flashcard 201: Does the rectum ABOVE the pectinate line drain into the portal or systemic circulation? _____
Answer: Portal
Flashcard 202: Which dermatome is important for early appendicitis pain referral? _____
Answer: T10 (Umbilicus)
Flashcard 203: The valsalva maneuver increases intraabdominal and intrathoracic pressure predominantly by recruiting the _____ muscle
Answer: rectus abdominis
Flashcard 204: The IVC drains into the right atrium just above the level of the diaphragm at _____
Answer: T8
Flashcard 205: Medullary sinuses within lymph nodes communicate with the _____ lymphatics
Answer: efferent
Flashcard 206: Hemorrhoids result from distension of the anal _____
Answer: arteriovenous plexus
Flashcard 207: In Osgood Schlatter, healed microavulsions can be noted on physical exam by the presence of a pronounced/enlarged _____
Answer: tibial tubercle
Flashcard 208: What dermatome is found at the low-collar shirt level? _____
Answer: C4
Flashcard 209: The superior rectal artery is a branch of the _____ artery
Answer: inferior mesenteric
Flashcard 210: Aortic dissection usually occurs in the proximal _____ cm of the aorta (high stress region)
Answer: 10
Flashcard 211: The posterior descending artery (PDA) most commonly arises from the _____ artery (85%)
Answer: right coronary
Flashcard 212: An apophysis is a _____ which serves as an attachment for a tendon
Answer: secondary ossification center
Flashcard 213: The _____ is the spinal ligament most commonly injured in whiplash injuries (ex. car accident / rugby tackle)
Answer: anterior longitudinal ligament
Flashcard 214: The pharynx and upper third of the esophagus are composed of _____ muscle
Answer: striated
Flashcard 215: Tinea corporis affects the _____
Answer: body
Flashcard 216: What are the roots of the phrenic nerve? _____
Answer: C3, C4, C5
Flashcard 217: The transverse sinuses drain into the _____ sinuses
Answer: sigmoid
Flashcard 218: Colonic _____ are "blind pouches" that communicate with the lumen of the gut
Answer: diverticula
Flashcard 219: Osteomyelitis in children arises with transient bacteremia that seeds the _____
Answer: metaphysis
Flashcard 220: What sphincter controls the release of digestive juices from the common bile and pancreatic ducts? _____
Answer: Sphincter of Oddi
Flashcard 221: Which lymph node cluster drains the colon from splenic flexure to upper rectum? _____
Answer: Inferior mesenteric
Flashcard 222: Metastases to the bone have a predilection for the _____ skeleton
Answer: axial
Flashcard 223: Is Zenker diverticulum a true or false diverticulum?_____
Answer: False (only involves mucosa and submucosa)
Flashcard 224: What is the most common site for osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis)?_____
Answer: Femoral head (not neck)
Flashcard 225: A 4th degree burn will involve through the epidermis to the _____, and in some cases muscle and bone
Answer: hypodermis
Flashcard 226: Atopic (eczematous) dermatitis often manifests as lichenification on _____ surfaces in children and adults
Answer: flexor
Flashcard 227: What lymph nodes do the ovaries/testies drain into?_____
Answer: Para-aortic lymph nodes
Flashcard 228: The great saphenous vein joins the femoral vein in the _____
Answer: femoral triangle
Flashcard 229: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Gastroduodenal
Flashcard 230: Does the lateral track of the superficial lymphatic system of the lower extremity bypass the popliteal nodes?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 231: The small airways of the _____ zone of the lung consist of bronchioles that further divide into terminal bronchioles
Answer: conducting
Flashcard 232: Which artery supplies the anterior two-thirds of the interventricular septum? _____
Answer: Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
Flashcard 233: What vertebral level does the inferior mesenteric artery branch off the aorta? _____
Answer: L3
Flashcard 234: Splenic lacerations can irritate the _____ nerve
Answer: phrenic
Flashcard 235: Which GI ligament connects the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach?_____
Answer: Gastrohepatic ligament
Flashcard 236: The inner layer of lymph nodes is the _____, which consists of medullary cords and sinuses
Answer: medulla
Flashcard 237: What is the lateral border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Inferior epigastric vessels
Flashcard 238: Spinal stenosis occurs most commonly in the _____ region
Answer: lumbar
Flashcard 239: Which primary lymphoid organ is the site of T-cell differentiation and maturation? _____
Answer: Thymus
Flashcard 240: The large airways of the _____ zone of the lung consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi
Answer: conducting
Flashcard 241: Which lymph node cluster drains the lungs? _____
Answer: Hilar
Flashcard 242: External to the mucosal layer of the gut wall is the _____
Answer: submucosa
Flashcard 243: What is the inferior border of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle? _____
Answer: Inguinal (Poupart) ligament
Flashcard 244: ID Artery: _____
Answer: Right gastroepiploic
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