Renal & Urology — Flashcards

Immediate release oxybutynin for urge incontinence should be avoided in _____ (due to anticholinergic side effects); instead, mirabegron is a preferred alternative.

What is the second-line management of stress incontinence? _____

The main risk factor for urinary incontinence is _____

What investigations are done to determine any underlying causes/exacerbations of urinary incontinence? _____

Urinary incontinence most commonly affects _____

Hint: 2; demographic

Second-line pharmacological management of stress incontinence if pelvic floor muscle training fails and surgery is declined: _____

What is the first-line management of urge incontinence? _____

What is the initial investigation of urinary incontinence?\n_____

What happens when the testis are elevated in testicular torsion? (Prehn's sign) _____

Testicular torsion presents as _____ pain, high-riding testis, and absent cremasteric reflex