Renal & Urology — Flashcards

Urinary tract calucli more commonly affect _____

Hint: gender

What is the next step in management for a patient with complete upper urinary tract obstruction due to a stone, who also presents with systemic symptoms? _____

Hint: next step

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) kidney stones precipitate with _____ urine pH

Bacteria in lower UTIs can ascend up the urinary tract causing _____

What is the pharmacological management for ureteral stones ≤ 10 mm? _____

What is the appearance of calcium kidney stones on X-ray and CT? _____

Urinary tract calculi often present with _____uria & dysuria

What is the first-line investigation for urinary tract calculi in pregnant women, children, & young people? _____

_____ UTIs are defined as ≥ 2 episodes in 6 months, or ≥ 3 in 12 months

_____ is the formation or presence of calculi (stones) within the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra